| Project/Area Number |
17520499
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
History of Europe and America
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| Research Institution | Kyoto Women's University (2006-2007)
Kumamoto University (2005) |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMADA Masahiko Kyoto Women's University, Faculty of Literature, Professor (90202382)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
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| Keywords | self-government / medieval city / literate administration / fish market / wine market / historical institution analysis / market economy / free trade and regulations / 都市条例登記帳 / 関税 / ステープル / 文書行政 / 魚市場 / 市場 |
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| Research Abstract |
In this research, I consider the early urban regulation onto the market, particularly focused on the wine and fish market, through an urban legal register during the 13th century. Analyzing this source, the city well considered the real situation of commerce and imposed a minimum rule for a fair business. If the penalty against any infringement became more rigid than was previously stipulated, it is clear the city seemed only to sustain and improve the functions or "milieux" of market.
As conclusion we have to explain these early regulations arranged by city government. We may do so in two different ways. First is an explanation by economist. Much of urban officers were themselves so great merchants that they had many interests in their own business. The staple-market institution was then confirmed as a "multiple punishment strategy" among merchants-governors of Saint-Omer, This explanation is just one by Avener Greif.
Our second explanation can be done from a more historical point of views. This is our preparatory conclusion. The city government of the 13th century is a kind of newly emerging authorities. It had to care its own people. If it didn't restrict the commerce itself, it was decided to secure plenty of goods for its citizens. Both as dealer and as administrator, they knew both merits of commercial dynamics and demerits of the market principles. Commerce was dangerous as well as useful. They tamed the commercial movement in frame of market. Actively participated in administration of market, city government trained and shaped up the market as an institution highly organized. Then we might say also this commitment to the market could enforce the urban authorities quickly. And vice versa the urban market had irreversibly acquired its own "form", that we know now, owing to the medieval urban regulations.
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