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Comparative Study on Trading Institutions

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17530322
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Commerce
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

KOJIMA Kenji  Kobe University, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Professor (50121455)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SUEHIRO Hideo  Kobe University, Graduate School of Business Administration, Professor (30162837)
Project Period (FY) 2005 – 2007
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,920,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
KeywordsTrading institutions / Trading practices / Comparative institutional analysis / Institutions evolution / Distribution / History of Distribution / Game theory / Economics of information
Research Abstract

This research examines the trading institutions from an evolutionary perspective based on game theory. Trading institutions are important concerns for firms that transact intermediate goods to achieve an efficient system. Various systems of trading relationships have evolved in different countries to attain efficient trading relationships. Particularly, there are significant differences in vertical relationships between Japan and the United States. In Japanese vertical relationships, in contrast, suppliers are an integral part of the product development and manufacturing proresses: they are heavily involved, assume significant responsibility, and communicate extensively and directly with product and process engineers. Japanese suppliers frequently play a significant role in product development. Japanese firms do not rely on legal contracts to protect their interests in trading relationships.
This research identifies major characteristics of Japanese trading relationships in an evolutionary perspective. Given contractual incompleteness due to uncertainty and complexity, as durable relationship-specific investments become more important, the transaction costs associated with mediating vertical relationships using arm's length market increase hierarchy. Vertical relationships in Japan involve building to reduce transportation costs and generally improve coordination. Significant features of Japanese trading relationships are identified: long-term relationships and commitments with effective communication; willingness to make transaction-specific investments as well as to share technical information; significant involvement of suppliers in product development

Report

(4 results)
  • 2007 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2006 Annual Research Report
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2007 2006 2005

All Journal Article (8 results)

  • [Journal Article] 再販売価格維持と流通系列化の生成過程-医薬品製造業者の事例-2007

    • Author(s)
      小島 健司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌 第196巻第2号

      Pages: 19-32

    • NAID

      110006378870

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report 2007 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] The Evolution of Resale Price Maintenance and Manufacturer's Administered Channel: A Study of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers2007

    • Author(s)
      Kenji, Kojima
    • Journal Title

      The Kokumin-Keizai Zasshi (Journal of Economics and Business Administration) Vol. 196, No. 2

      Pages: 19-32

    • NAID

      110006378870

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2007 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 販売価格維持と代理店制・販売会社制の生成過程-鹸製造業者の事例-2006

    • Author(s)
      小島 健司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌 第194号第2号

      Pages: 19-37

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2007 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] The Evolution of Resale Price Maintenance and Manufacturer's Organized Wholesaler: A Study of the Soap Manufacturers2006

    • Author(s)
      Kenji, Kojima
    • Journal Title

      The Kokumin-Keizai Zasshi(Journal of Economics and Business Administration) Vol. 194, No. 2

      Pages: 19-37

    • NAID

      110004748097

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2007 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 再販売価格維持と代理店制・販売会社制の生成過程-石鹸製造業者の事例-2006

    • Author(s)
      小島 健司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌 第194号第2号

      Pages: 19-37

    • NAID

      110004748097

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 販売価格維持と系列連鎖店制の生成過程-医薬品製造業者の事例-2005

    • Author(s)
      小島 健司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌 第191巻6号

      Pages: 51-65

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2007 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] The Evolution of Resale Price Maintenance and Manufacturer's Organized Chain Stores: A Study of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturer"2005

    • Author(s)
      Kenji, Kojima
    • Journal Title

      The Kokumin-Keizai Zasshi (Journal of Economics and Business Administration) Vol. 191, No. 6

      Pages: 51-65

    • NAID

      110001195797

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2007 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 再販売価格維持と系列連鎖店制の生成過程-医薬品製造業者の事例-2005

    • Author(s)
      小島 健司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌 191巻・6号

      Pages: 51-65

    • NAID

      110001195797

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2005-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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