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サルを用いた人工視覚の行動学的解析

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17659541
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Ophthalmology
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

玉井 信  東北大学, 先進医工学研究機構, 教授 (90004720)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 富田 浩史  東北大学, 先進医工学研究機構, 助教授 (40302088)
菅野 江里子  東北大学, 先進医工学研究機構, 助手 (70375210)
佐藤 まなみ  東北大学, 先進医工学研究機構, 技術補佐員 (80375211)
Project Period (FY) 2005 – 2006
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
Keywords人工視覚 / サル / 人工網膜チップ / 一次視覚野
Research Abstract

初年度の研究で網膜を刺激するための適切な電流値(網膜に障害を起こさない電流値)、刺激パターンを決定している。サルで電流刺激によって得られる視覚を判定するために、サルのトレーニングを行った。サルのトレーニング課題を下記に示した。モンキーチェアに補ていしたサルの前面のディスプレイに図形を表示し、その段階でサルは手元のボタンを押す。一定時間(5秒間)図形が表示された後、図形が変化する。図形が同じであればサルはボタンを押した状態を保つ。図形が変化すれば、ボタンを離す。以上のサルのトレーニングを実施した。一方、行動学的に視機能を判定するために、ウサギを用いてトンネル迷路試験を実施した。ウサギの視細胞変性を誘導するために、ヨーソ酸ナトリウムを用いた。ヨーソ酸ナトリウムの静注を1ヶ月の間隔で2回行うことで、視覚誘発電位が顕著に減少した。視細胞変性を誘導しない正常なウサギに比較して視細胞変性を誘導したウサギはトンネル迷路試験で顕著に活動性の低下が観察された。ウサギにバッテリ駆動型の刺激電極を眼内にインプラントし行動学的に視機能を評価するため、バッテリー駆動型刺激電極の眼内へのインプラント手技を検討した。その結果、バッテリー駆動型刺激電極のバッテリー部と刺激電極を結ぶケーブルの強度不足が問題となり、新たにバッテリー駆動型刺激電極を作製した。
以上の研究から、サルではヒトと同様の視力検査が可能であること、またウサギを用いることで行動学的評価が行えることが明らかとなった。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2006 Annual Research Report
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (22 results)

All 2007 2006 2005

All Journal Article (21 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Iris pigment epithelial cell transplantation for degenerative retinal diseases.2007

    • Author(s)
      Abe, T., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Prog Retin Eye Res (In press)

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Hypothermia Protects Cultured Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells against Indocyanine Green Toxicity.2007

    • Author(s)
      Kunikata, H., et al.
    • Journal Title

      J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 23(1)

      Pages: 35-39

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Pitavastatin prevents NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell death by suppressing leukocyte recruitment.2007

    • Author(s)
      Nakazawa, T., et al.
    • Journal Title

      J Neurochem 100(4)

      Pages: 1018-1013

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Retinal pigment epithelial cells from thermally responsive polymer-grafted surface reduce apoptosis.2006

    • Author(s)
      Abe, T., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Adv Exp Med Biol 572

      Pages: 363-366

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Polymorphisms in Complement Factor H and Hemicentin-1 genes in a Japanese population with dry-type age-related macular degeneration.2006

    • Author(s)
      Fuse, N., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Am J Ophthalmol 142(6)

      Pages: 1074-1076

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Abnormal migration and distribution of neural crest cells in Pax6 heterozygous mutant eye, a model for human eye diseases.2006

    • Author(s)
      Kanakubo, S., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Genes Cells 11(8)

      Pages: 919-933

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Neuroprotective effect of latanoprost on rat retinal ganglion cells.2006

    • Author(s)
      Kudo, H., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 244(8)

      Pages: 1003-1009

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Hypothermia of 8 degrees C protects cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells and retinal ganglion cells against trypan blue toxicity2006

    • Author(s)
      Kunikata, H., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Am J Ophthalmol 141(4)

      Pages: 754-756

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Cilioretinal artery occlusions following embolization of an artery to an intracranial meningioma2006

    • Author(s)
      Kunikata, H. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 244(3)

      Pages: 401-403

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Hypothermia protects cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells against trypan blue toxicity2006

    • Author(s)
      Kunikata, H., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Ophthalmologica 220(2)

      Pages: 114-117

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Visual function with acupuncture tested by visual evoked potential2006

    • Author(s)
      Sagara, Y., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Tohoku J Exp Med 209(3)

      Pages: 235-241

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Evaluation of indocyanine green toxicity to rat retinas2006

    • Author(s)
      Sato, Y., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Ophthalmologica 220(3)

      Pages: 153-158

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Nitric oxide-induced accumulation of lipofuscin-like materials is caused by inhibition of cathepsin S2006

    • Author(s)
      Sugano, E., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Curr Eye Res 31(7-8)

      Pages: 607-616

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Limited neural differentiation of retinal pigment epithelium.2006

    • Author(s)
      Wakusawa, R., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Adv Exp Med Biol 572

      Pages: 357-361

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Recombinant AAV-transduced iris pigment epithelial cell transplantation may transfer vector to native RPE but suppress systemic dissemination2006

    • Author(s)
      Yoshioka, Y., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47(2)

      Pages: 745-752

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Evaluation of indocyanine green toxicity on rat retinas.2006

    • Author(s)
      Sato, Y
    • Journal Title

      Ophthalmologica (In press)

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Establishment of Effective Methods for Transducing Genes into Iris Pigment Epithelial Cells using Adeno-associated Virus, Type 2.2005

    • Author(s)
      Sugano E
    • Journal Title

      Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 46(9)

      Pages: 3341-3348

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Protection of photoreceptor cells from phototoxicity by transplanted retinal pigment epithelial cells expressing different neurotrophic factors.2005

    • Author(s)
      Abe T
    • Journal Title

      Cell Transplant. 14(10)

      Pages: 799-808

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Recombinant AAV-transduced iris pigment epithelial cell transplantation may transfer vector to native RPE but suppress systemic dissemination.2005

    • Author(s)
      Yoshioka Y.
    • Journal Title

      Inivest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 47(2)

      Pages: 745-752

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Deleted in polyposis 1-like 1 gene (Dp1l1):a novel gene richly expressed in retinal ganglion cells.2005

    • Author(s)
      Sato H.
    • Journal Title

      Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 46(3)

      Pages: 791-796

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Chemokine profile in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.2005

    • Author(s)
      Miyazawa I.
    • Journal Title

      J Neuroimmunol. 158(1-2)

      Pages: 240-244

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 臨床眼科2005

    • Author(s)
      富田 浩史
    • Total Pages
      5
    • Publisher
      医学書院
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2005-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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