Characterization of extraterrestrial amino acid precursors in simulation experiment products and meteorites
Project/Area Number |
17H02991
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Research Field |
Geochemistry/Cosmochemistry
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Research Institution | Yokohama National University |
Principal Investigator |
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
三田 肇 福岡工業大学, 工学部, 教授 (00282301)
神田 一浩 兵庫県立大学, 高度産業科学技術研究所, 教授 (20201452)
癸生川 陽子 横浜国立大学, 大学院工学研究院, 准教授 (70725374)
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Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
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Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
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Budget Amount *help |
¥17,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥11,180,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,580,000)
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Keywords | アミノ酸前駆体 / 分子雲 / 隕石母天体 / 宇宙線 / 炭素質コンドライト / 高分子態複雑有機物 / 国際宇宙ステーション / 隕石簿天体 / 生命の起源 / 星間物質 / 星間塵アイスマントル / キャラクタリゼーション |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Amino acids have been detected in meteorites, which suggested that extraterrestrial organics could be important sources for the first life on Earth. Formation mechanisms of such amino acids have not been clear though the Strecker synthesis have been considered as a major one. We performed experiments simulating interstellar ices and meteorite parent bodies to characterize the amino acid precursors formed in such environments. When a frozen mixture of simulated interstellar media was irradiated with high energy heavy ions, not free amino acids but amino acid precursors were formed. Not small precursors such as aminonitriles and hydantoins, but complex precursors whose molecular weight were over some hundreds were found to be major amino acid precursors in the products. Stability of the precursors were examined by utilizing the International Space Station as well as on ground. The complex precursors were generally more stable than the small precursors in space environments.
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
従来,生命の起源に至る化学進化は,まず小さい有機物が生成し,それらの反応により徐々に大きい分子が生成する,というような反応機構により説明されてきた。本研究では,隕石中の有機物の起源を星間および小天体内部に求め,その模擬実験によりアミノ酸の生成機構を調べたところ,メタノールなどの小分子から高エネルギー粒子線などにより分子量数百以上のアミノ酸前駆体が直接生成することが確認され,従来とは全く異なる化学進化の考え方が必要性が示唆された。
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(144 results)
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[Journal Article] A novel organic-rich meteoritic clast from the outer solar system2019
Author(s)
Yoko Kebukawa, Motoo Ito, Michael E. Zolensky, Richard C. Greenwood, Zia Rahman, Hiroki Suga, Aiko Nakato, Queenie H. S. Chan, Marc Fries, Yasuo Takeichi, Yoshio Takahashi, Kazuhiko Mase, Kensei Kobayashi
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Journal Title
Scientific Reports
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 3169-3169
DOI
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Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Stability of Amino Acids and Amino Acid Precursors in Space: Approaches Through Space Experiments (Tanpopo and Tanpopo 2) and Ground Simulation Experiments2020
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, T. Sato, T. Yokoo, I. Sakon, H. Yano, M. Nakayama, H. Mita, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi, S. Yoshida, I. Yoda, H. Fukuda, Y. Oguri, K. Kanda
Organizer
JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2020
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Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Possible Formation of Amino Acids and Carboxylic Acids in Slightly-Reducing Primitive Earth Atmospheres2019
Author(s)
M. Kinoshita, S. Ikeda, K. Kawamura, B. Kunwar, H. Fukuda, Y. Oguri, H. Shibata, J. Takahasi, V. Airapetian, Y. Kebukawa, K. Kobayashi
Organizer
Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Space Exposure Experiments of Carbonaceous Chondrites, Chondritic Organic Matter and Its Analogues in Tanpopo2, Astrobiology Space Mission on ISS2019
Author(s)
Y. Kebukawa, M. Koga, I. Sakon, I. Endo, K. Kobayashi, M. Matsuoka, M. Ito, M. E. Zolensky, C. M. O’D. Alexander, H. Mita, and H. Yano
Organizer
82nd Annual Meeting of the Meteorogical Society
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Space Exposure of Amino Acids and Their Precursors in the Tanpopo Mission: Results and Future Prospects2019
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, Y. Kebukawa, T. Sato, T. Yokoo, M. Nakayama, J. Takahashi, H. Shibata, K. Nakagawa, E. Imai, H. Yano, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori and A. Yamagishi
Organizer
19th EANA Astrobiology Conference
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Exposure Experiments in the 2nd Japanese Astrobiology Experiment, Tanpopo22019
Author(s)
H. Mita, H. Yano, I. Sakon, K. Kobayashi, Y. Kebukawa, K. Nakagawa, I. Endo, S. Kimura, M. Ong, H. Kato, T. Abe, T. Yokoo, T. Sato, M. Nakayama, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi
Organizer
19th EANA Astrobiology Conference
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Astrobiology Experiments in Earth Orbit to Examine Formation, Alteration and Delivery of Organic Compounds: Results of the Tanpopo Mission and Future Prospects2018
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, H. Yano, I. Sakon, Y. Kebukawa, Y. Bessho, K. Nakagawa, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi, Tanpopo and Post-Tanpopo Research Team
Organizer
42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly 2018
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Characterization of Amino Acid Precursors Synthesized from Interstellar Ice Analogues and Their Stability in Space2018
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, T. Sato, S. Asano, S. Kuramoto, S. Enomoto, Y. Kebukawa, H. Mita, K. Nakagawa, S. Yoshida, H. Fukuda, Y. Oguri, H. Hashimoto, H. Yano, S. Yokobori and A. Yamagishi
Organizer
EANA 2018
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] The Organic Exposure Experiment in the Tanpopo Mission: Space Exposure of Amino Acids and Their Precursors for 1-2 Years2018
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, Y. Kebukawa, K. Nakagawa, S. Minematsu, T. Sato, K. Naito, T. Yokoo, E. Imai, H. Yano, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori and A. Yamagishi
Organizer
Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2018
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] わずかに還元型の模擬原始大気中でのアミノ酸・カルボン酸生成の検討2018
Author(s)
青木涼平, 木下美栄,伊勢絢一, Kunwar Bhagawati, 河村公隆, 福田一志, 小栗慶之, 柴田裕実, 高橋淳一, 癸生川 陽子, 小林憲正
Organizer
第78回分析化学討論会
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[Presentation] たんぽぽ計画での有機物曝露実験報告(第2報)2018
Author(s)
小林憲正,三田肇,癸生川陽子,中川和道,青木涼平,原田拓,三澤柊介,佐藤智仁,内藤敬介,横尾卓哉,峰松沙綾,石山公啓,今井栄一,矢野創,橋本博文,横堀伸一,山岸明彦,たんぽぽ研究チーム
Organizer
生命の起原および進化学会第43回学術講演会,さいたま,2018年3月15-17日
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[Presentation] Space Exposure of Amino Acids and Amino Acid Predursors in the Tanpopo Mission: The First Analysis Report2017
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, Y. Kebukawa, K. Nakagawa, K. Ishiyama, R. Aoki, T. Harada, S. Misawa, E. Uchimura, T. Sato, K. Naito, S. Minematsu, E. Imai, H. Yano, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi
Organizer
Japan Geoscience Union - American Geophysical Union Meeting 2017
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] First Year Report of the Tanpopo: Capture and Expsure Experient of Micrometeorite and Microbes on Exposure Facility of International Space Station2017
Author(s)
A. Yamagishi, H. Hashimoto, H. Yano, S. Yokobori, K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, H. Yabuta, M. Higashide, M. Tabata, H. Kawai, E. Imai
Organizer
Japan Geoscience Union - American Geophysical Union Meeting 2017
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research / Invited
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[Presentation] Preliminary Report of Tanpopo: Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments at ISS2017
Author(s)
Akihiko Yamagishi, Hirofumi Hashimoto, Hajime Yano, Shin-ichi Yokobori, Kensei Kobayashi, Hajime Mita, Hikaru Yabuta, Masumi Higashide, Makoto Tabata, Hideyuki Kawai, and Eiichi Imai
Organizer
31st International Symposium on Space Science and Technology
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] Stability of Amino Acid-Related Compounds in Space: Preliminary Results of the Tanpopo Organic Exposure Experiment -2017
Author(s)
K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, Y. Kebukawa, K. Nakagawa, K. Ishiyama, R. Aoki, T. Harada, S. Misawa, E. Uchimura, T. Sato, K. Naito, S. Minematsu, E. Imai, H. Yano, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi
Organizer
18th International Conference on Origin of life (ISSOL 2017)
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Presentation] First One Year Exposure Results of Organic Compounds in Tanpopo Mission2017
Author(s)
H. Mita, K. Kobayashi, Y. Kebukawa, K. Nakagawa, K. Ishiyama, R. Aoki, T. Harada, S. Misawa, E. Uchimura, T. Sato, K. Naito, S. Minematsu, E. Imai, H. Yano, H. Hashimoto, S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi, Tanpopo RT
Organizer
EANA 2017
Related Report
Int'l Joint Research
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[Book] 地球・惑星・生命2020
Author(s)
日本地球惑星科学連合編(小林憲正ほか分担執筆)
Total Pages
280
Publisher
東京大学出版会
ISBN
9784130637152
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