| Budget Amount *help |
¥16,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,840,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,100,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The endosymbiotic theory of organelle origin was re-analyzed by phylogenetic analysis based on comparative genomics, as well as lipid metabolic analysis. Many of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of membrane lipids were found to originate from non-cyanobacterial organisms, whereas most components of photosynthesis and gene expression system originated from cyanobacteria. However, there are at least three origins within the cyanobacterial clade. We also found that the chromatophores of Paulinella retain the complete pathway of cyanobacterial lipid biosynthesis, but that the photosynthates are rapidly forwarded to the cytoplasmic compartment for the synthesis of lipids in endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, chloroplasts have an evolutionary history different from that of chromatophores. I propose the theory of "host-directed formation of chloroplasts" that involved many gene transfers from many organisms, not just cyanobacteria.
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