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Re-examination of the endosymbiotic theory of organelle origin

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17H03715
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Evolutionary biology
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Sato Naoki  東京大学, 大学院総合文化研究科, 名誉教授 (40154075)

Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,840,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Keywords細胞内共生説 / 宿主主導説 / 色素体 / クロマトフォア / 脂質合成 / 葉緑体起源 / 膜脂質 / 系統解析 / ゲノム解析 / 色素体起源
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The endosymbiotic theory of organelle origin was re-analyzed by phylogenetic analysis based on comparative genomics, as well as lipid metabolic analysis. Many of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of membrane lipids were found to originate from non-cyanobacterial organisms, whereas most components of photosynthesis and gene expression system originated from cyanobacteria. However, there are at least three origins within the cyanobacterial clade. We also found that the chromatophores of Paulinella retain the complete pathway of cyanobacterial lipid biosynthesis, but that the photosynthates are rapidly forwarded to the cytoplasmic compartment for the synthesis of lipids in endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, chloroplasts have an evolutionary history different from that of chromatophores. I propose the theory of "host-directed formation of chloroplasts" that involved many gene transfers from many organisms, not just cyanobacteria.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

細胞小器官の細胞内共生起源は,現在では,生物教科書にも広く取り上げられている説であるが,歴史を調べると,その根拠は希薄である。また,葉緑体やミトコンドリアのタンパク質の詳細な系統解析の結果は,さまざまな生物からの多様な遺伝子導入を示唆している。こうした点から,単純な細胞内共生が細胞小器官の起源であるとする説はもはや維持することはできないと考えられる。本研究は主に葉緑体をターゲットとしたものであるが,ミトコンドリアについても同様の考え方が世界の研究者から提示されている。そのため,宿主主導説は今後,単純な細胞内共生説に代わる基本的な考え方になると期待され,その社会的な影響は大きい。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2019 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (63 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 2017 Other

All Journal Article (18 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 16 results,  Open Access: 8 results) Presentation (38 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Invited: 5 results) Book (4 results) Remarks (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Characterization and Biosynthesis of Lipids in Paulinella micropora MYN1: Evidence for Efficient Integration of Chromatophores into Cellular Lipid Metabolism2020

    • Author(s)
      Sato Naoki、Yoshitomi Toru、Mori-Moriyama Natsumi
    • Journal Title

      Plant and Cell Physiology

      Volume: 61 Issue: 5 Pages: 869-881

    • DOI

      10.1093/pcp/pcaa011

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Formation of Spherical Palmelloid Colony with Enhanced Lipid Accumulation by Gel Encapsulation of Chlamydomonas debaryana NIES-2212.2020

    • Author(s)
      Toru Yoshitomi, Saeko Kaminaga, Naoki Sato, Masakazu Toyoshima, Takashi Moriyama, and Keitaro Yoshimoto
    • Journal Title

      Plant Cell Physiol.

      Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Pages: 158-158

    • DOI

      10.1093/pcp/pcz188

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Complex origins of chloroplast membranes with photosynthetic machineries: Multiple transfers of genes from divergent organisms at different times or a single endosymbiotic event?2020

    • Author(s)
      Sato Naoki
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Plant Research

      Volume: 133 Issue: 1 Pages: 15-33

    • DOI

      10.1007/s10265-019-01157-z

    • NAID

      40022129827

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 光合成は葉緑体の細胞内共生説を支持するのか――最近の知見から2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Journal Title

      光合成研究

      Volume: 29 Pages: 212-220

    • NAID

      40022138891

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Statistical analysis of word usage in biological publications since 1965: Historical delineation highlighting an emergence of function-oriented discourses in contemporary molecular and cellular biology2019

    • Author(s)
      Sato Naoki、Sato Kaoru
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Theoretical Biology

      Volume: 462 Pages: 293-303

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.11.017

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Uncommon properties of lipid biosynthesis of isolated plastids in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae2018

    • Author(s)
      Mori Natsumi、Moriyama Takashi、Sato Naoki
    • Journal Title

      FEBS Open Bio

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 114-128

    • DOI

      10.1002/2211-5463.12551

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Selective loss of photosystem I and formation of tubular thylakoids in heterotrophically grown red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae2018

    • Author(s)
      Moriyama Takashi、Mori Natsumi、Nagata Noriko、Sato Naoki
    • Journal Title

      Photosynthesis Research

      Volume: 印刷中 Issue: 3 Pages: 275-287

    • DOI

      10.1007/s11120-018-0603-z

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] "Life-bearing molecules" versus "life-embodying systems": two contrasting views on the what-is-life (WIL) problem persisting from the early days of molecular biology to the post-genomic cell- and organism-level biology.2018

    • Author(s)
      N. Sato
    • Journal Title

      BioSystems

      Volume: 167 Pages: 24-32

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.04.001

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Complete Genome Sequence of the Nonheterocystous Cyanobacterium Pseudanabaena sp. ABRG5-32018

    • Author(s)
      Tajima Naoyuki、Kanesaki Yu、Sato Shusei、Yoshikawa Hirofumi、Maruyama Fumito、Kurokawa Ken、Ohta Hiroyuki、Nishizawa Tomoyasu、Asayama Munehiko、Sato Naoki
    • Journal Title

      Genome Announcements

      Volume: 6 Issue: 6

    • DOI

      10.1128/genomea.01608-17

    • NAID

      120006457123

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Optimization of triacylglycerol and starch production in Chlamydomonas debaryana NIES-2212 with regard to light intensity and CO2 concentration.2018

    • Author(s)
      Toyoshima, M., Sato, N.
    • Journal Title

      Microbiology

      Volume: 164 Issue: 3 Pages: 359-368

    • DOI

      10.1099/mic.0.000603

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Revisiting the algal “chloroplast lipid droplet”: the absence of an entity that is unlikely to exist.2018

    • Author(s)
      T. Moriyama, M. Toyoshima, M. Saito, H. Wada and N. Sato
    • Journal Title

      Plant Physiol.

      Volume: 176 Issue: 2 Pages: 1519-1530

    • DOI

      10.1104/pp.17.01512

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 微細藻類における脂質顆粒葉緑体局在説をめぐって2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Journal Title

      光合成研究

      Volume: 28 Pages: 5-13

    • NAID

      40021619385

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Evolution of the phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis pathways in green algae: Combinatorial diversity of methyltransferases.2017

    • Author(s)
      Hirashima, T., Toyoshima, M., Moriyama, T., Sato, N.
    • Journal Title

      J. Mol. Evol.

      Volume: 86 Issue: 1 Pages: 68-76

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00239-017-9826-4

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Diverse origins of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of chloroplast peptidoglycan2017

    • Author(s)
      Sato, N., Takano, H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Plant Research

      Volume: 130 Issue: 4 Pages: 635-645

    • DOI

      10.1007/s10265-017-0935-3

    • NAID

      40021237097

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Characterization of phosphoethanolamine-N-methyltransferases in green algae.2017

    • Author(s)
      T. Hirashima, M. Toyoshima, T. Moriyama, Y. Nakamura and N. Sato
    • Journal Title

      Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun

      Volume: 488 Issue: 1 Pages: 141-146

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.026

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Revisiting the theoretical basis of the endosymbiotic origin of plastids in the original context of Lynn Margulis on the origin of mitosing, eukaryotic cells.2017

    • Author(s)
      N. Sato
    • Journal Title

      J. Theor. Biol.

      Volume: 434 Pages: 104-113

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.08.028

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] “Prokaryotic Pathway” is not prokaryotic: Noncyanobacterial origin of the chloroplast lipid biosynthetic pathway revealed by comprehensive phylogenomic analysis.2017

    • Author(s)
      Sato, N., Awai, K.
    • Journal Title

      Genome Biol. Evol

      Volume: 9 Issue: 11 Pages: 3162-3178

    • DOI

      10.1093/gbe/evx238

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 葉緑体にあるはずの「見えないペプチドグリカン」を見る2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Journal Title

      日経バイオテク

      Volume: 2017.10.23 Pages: 10-12

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 細胞内共生体かオルガネラか:色素体のクロマトフォアの起源に関する脂質に基づく理論2020

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      日本植物生理学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 二重膜オルガネラの起源をめぐる45/135年の歴史2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物オルガネラワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 光合成は葉緑体の細胞内共生説を支持するのか――最近の知見から2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      日本光合成学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 細胞内共生説の謎:2019年アップデート2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      生物学基礎論研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Origin of chloroplasts and their membranes: An alternative explanatory model supported by historical reflection and new phylogenetic data2019

    • Author(s)
      Sato, Naoki
    • Organizer
      ICES 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 脂質から見たポーリネラにおける細胞内共生2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹,毛利奈津美
    • Organizer
      日本植物学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 真核生物の起源と脂肪酸合成2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      日本植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 脂質合成系からみた根足類Paulinella microporaにおける細胞内共生2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹,毛利奈津実
    • Organizer
      日本共生生物学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] シアノバクテリアと葉緑体:類似・相違だけではない連続性と不連続性の考察2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      ラン藻の分子生物学2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 色素体細胞内共生説の再検討(2)2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      光合成学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 紅藻シアニジオシゾンの従属栄養培養における葉緑体の生理的および形態的変化の解析2018

    • Author(s)
      毛利奈津実,森山崇,佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      光合成学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Algal lipids and endosymbiotic theories: A case study of Paulinella2018

    • Author(s)
      Sato, N. and Mori, N.
    • Organizer
      The 23rd International Symposium of Plant Lipids
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Do cyanobacteria synthesize triacylglycerol?2018

    • Author(s)
      Mori, N. and Sato, N.
    • Organizer
      The 23rd International Symposium of Plant Lipids
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 葉緑体脂質合成系酵素の大部分はシアノバクテリア起源でない:細胞内共生説への疑問2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      日本進化学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 統計解析に基づく現代生物科学史の特徴付け2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      生物学基礎論研究会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 葉緑体脂質合成系全体の系統解析に基づく細胞内共生事象の再検討2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      日本植物学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 紅藻シアニジオシゾンにおける従属栄養培養での生理的・形態的変化の解析2018

    • Author(s)
      毛利奈津実,森山崇,佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      日本植物学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] シアネラ含有藻類の脂質分析2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹,毛利奈津実
    • Organizer
      植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 葉緑体の膜の起源を考える 葉緑体脂質合成系酵素の網羅的系統解析から2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] シアノバクテリアにおける新規中性脂質の解析2018

    • Author(s)
      毛利奈津実,吉冨徹,佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 単細胞緑藻Chlamydomonas debaryanaにおける安定同位体を用いた脂質代謝の研究2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹、豊島正和
    • Organizer
      植物生理学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 紅藻シアニジオシゾンの単離葉緑体における脂質合成系の代謝フロー解析2018

    • Author(s)
      毛利奈津美、森山崇、佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物生理学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 色素体細胞内共生説の再検討2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      光合成学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] パルマ藻Triparma laevis における珪素輸送体(silicon transporter: SIT)遺伝子の系統・発現解析2017

    • Author(s)
      山崎誠司, 佐藤直樹, 田島直幸 ,佐藤晋也、吉川伸哉
    • Organizer
      光合成学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 藻類における複数のトリアシルグリセロール合成経路に関する13Cラベルと詳細なアイソトポマー解析を用いた研究2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹,豊島正和
    • Organizer
      脂質生化学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 紅藻シアニジオシゾンの単離葉緑体における放射能ラベルを用いた脂質代謝の解析2017

    • Author(s)
      毛利奈津美,森山崇,豊島正和,佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      脂質生化学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 色素体の細胞内共生説:あなたは信じる? 信じない?2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      ラン藻ゲノム交流会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 今こそ改訂すべき色素体の細胞内共生説2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      進化学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 葉緑体の細胞内共生説の再検討と宿主主導説の提案2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ゲル封入によるChlamydomonas debaryana NIES-2212の細胞凝集体形成と増殖・脂質蓄積速度の促進2017

    • Author(s)
      神永紗英子、吉富徹、佐藤直樹、豊島正和、真崎康博、吉本敬太郎
    • Organizer
      植物学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 放射性標識を用いた紅藻シアニジオシゾンの単離葉緑体における脂質代謝解析2017

    • Author(s)
      毛利奈津美、森山崇、佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 紅藻シアニジオシゾンにおけるグリセリン耐性株の解析2017

    • Author(s)
      森山崇、佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 安定同位体を用いた 脂質代謝の機構と流れの研究2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 緑藻におけるホスファチジルコリン合成系の進化2017

    • Author(s)
      平嶋孝志、豊島正和、森山崇、佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] シアノバクテリアはトリアシルグリセロールを合成しているのか2017

    • Author(s)
      毛利、佐藤
    • Organizer
      植物脂質科学研究会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 色素体の細胞内共生説におけるリン・マーギュリスの貢献の再評価2017

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Organizer
      共生学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Use of isotopomer analysis in deciphering actual lipid metabolic flow in algae2017

    • Author(s)
      Sato, Toyoshima
    • Organizer
      アジア植物脂質シンポジウム(ASPL7)
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Evolution of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic pathways in Chlamydomonas2017

    • Author(s)
      Hirashima, Moriyama, Toyoshima, Sato
    • Organizer
      アジア植物脂質シンポジウム(ASPL7)
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] Endosymbiotic Theories of Organelles Revisited. Retrospects and Prospects2020

    • Author(s)
      Sato Naoki
    • Total Pages
      187
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • ISBN
      9789811511608
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 創発の生命学2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤直樹
    • Total Pages
      286
    • Publisher
      青土社
    • ISBN
      9784791770649
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 細胞内共生説の謎2018

    • Author(s)
      佐藤 直樹
    • Total Pages
      292
    • Publisher
      東京大学出版会
    • ISBN
      9784130602365
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Cyanidioschyzon merolae. A New Model Eukaryote for Cell and Organelle Biology2018

    • Author(s)
      Kuroiwa, T., Miyagishima, S., Matsunaga, S., Sato, N., Nozaki, H., Tanaka, K. and Misumi, O. (eds.)
    • Total Pages
      365
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • ISBN
      9789811061004
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Gclustサーバー

    • URL

      http://gclust.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 佐藤直樹研究室

    • URL

      http://nsato4.sakura.ne.jp/

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Gclust server

    • URL

      http://gclust.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2017-04-28   Modified: 2021-02-19  

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