| Budget Amount *help |
¥17,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥8,450,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,950,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The purpose of this project was to study parenting behavior by non-parents in vertebrates and to identify similarity, diversity, functions and constraints found among taxa. In particular, this project aimed to clarify a payoff structure of those parental behavior, its effects on a group and parents, particularly in cooperative breeding species. The main finding of this project was that in Betta brownorum, fish that has been believed to be a cooperatively breeder, the presence of non-breeding individuals reduced burden of the breeding individuals. This is consistent with the criteria for cooperative breeding used in studies of fishes and suggests that this species may be a cooperative breeder.
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