Novel mechanisms of winter xylem dysfunction due to pit aspiration in conifer trees

• Project/Area Number: 17H03825
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Forest science
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Taneda Haruhiko 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 准教授 (90403112)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 福田 健二 東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 教授 (30208954) ; 矢崎 健一 国立研究開発法人森林研究・整備機構, 森林総合研究所, 主任研究員 等 (30353890)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
• Budget Amount: ¥13,390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,090,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
• Keywords: 植物生態学 / 乾燥ストレス / 水輸送 / 寒冷地適応 / 木部構造 / 仮道管 / 水ストレス / 植物 / 亜高山帯 / 針葉樹 / 通水コンダクタンス / MRI

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Winter xylem dysfunction caused by frost drought is a major cause of mortality in subalpine evergreen conifers growing in wind-exposed environments. This study uncovered that the inhibition of stem water transport was caused by sap-freezing-induced pit aspiration as well as the xylem embolism, which is a blockage of xylem tracheids due to entry of air using Abies veitchii dominant species of Japanese subalpine forest. The pit aspiration occurred in a slightly stressed plant in winter and was regained rapidly after the conifers recovered from drought stress in April. Severe xylem embolism was found in a highly dehydrated plant and was repaired slowly by mid-July by refilling the embolized lumen with water.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

亜高山帯に分布する常緑針葉樹では，森林限界など風衝環境の個体で冬季に茎で深刻な通水阻害が起きる．この原因として，仮道管内部の水が凍結したときに溶け出る気体が融解後に膨らんで仮道管の内腔を塞ぐ現象（凍結融解によるエンボリズム）がであるとされてきた．一方で，実験室内での実験では，凍結融解によるエンボリズムは，直径の太い道管・仮道管ほど弱い水ストレスでも深刻な通水阻害が起きるが，常緑針葉樹は細い仮道管を持ち，凍結融解によるエンボリズムが起こりにくいことが示されている．本研究は，壁孔膜の閉鎖による通水阻害を世界で初めて発見し，こうした野外での測定と実験室での測定における矛盾に合理的な説明を与えた．

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Innsbruck(オーストリア)
• [Journal Article] Pit aspiration causes an apparent loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity in a subalpine fir (Abies mariesii Mast.) overwintering at the alpine timberline. (2022)
  • Author(s): Emiko Maruta, Kenichi Yazaki, Mayumi Ogasa, Haruhiko Taneda.
  • Journal Title: Tree Physiology Volume: - Issue: 6 Pages: 1228-1238
  • DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab173
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Hydraulic architecture with high root‐resistance fraction contributes to efficient carbon gain of plants in temperate habitats. (2021)
  • Author(s): Haruhiko Taneda, Takefumi Ikeda
  • Journal Title: American Journal of Botany Volume: 108 Issue: 10 Pages: 1932-1945
  • DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1753
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A simple method to observe water distribution in tracheid-bearing wood of subalpine conifer (2021)
  • Author(s): Haruhiko Taneda, Kenich Yazaki, Tokiyoshi Hiramatsu, Bunnichi Shimizu, Daisuke Sugiura, Yoshiyuki Miyazawa
  • Journal Title: Trees Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Pages: 697-707
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00468-020-02070-y
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Elevational adaptation of morphological and anatomical traits by Sakhalin fir (Abies sachalinensis) (2019)
  • Author(s): Taneda Haruhiko、Funayama-Noguchi Sachiko、Mayr Stefan、Goto Susumu
  • Journal Title: Trees Volume: 34 Issue: 2 Pages: 507-520
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00468-019-01932-4
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Repair of severe winter xylem embolism supports summer water transport and carbon gain in a flagged crown of the subalpine conifer Abies veitchii (2019)
  • Author(s): Mayumi Ogasa*, Haruhiko Taneda, Hiroki Ooeda, Akihiro Ohtsuka, Emiko Maruta
  • Journal Title: Tree Physiology Volume: 39 Issue: 10 Pages: 1725-1735
  • DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz066
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Interspecific variations in the surface wettability and morphological traits of petals across 125 plant species. (2019)
  • Author(s): Ayako Watanabe-Taneda, Haruhiko Taneda
  • Journal Title: Flora Volume: 257 Pages: 151417-151417
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2019.151417
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Introduction to studies of climbing plants from various approaches (2019)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦，鈴木牧，井上みずき，森秀樹
  • Journal Title: JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY Volume: 69 Issue: 2 Pages: 63-70
  • DOI: 10.18960/seitai.69.2_63
  • NAID: 130007688892
  • ISSN: 0021-5007, 2424-127X
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Leaf structure and hydraulic adjustment with respect to air humidity and canopy position in silver birch (Betula pendula) (2019)
  • Author(s): Arne Sellin, Haruhiko Taneda, Meeli Alber
  • Journal Title: Journal of Plant Research Volume: 印刷中 Issue: 3 Pages: 369-381
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01106-w
  • NAID: 40021897180
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Altitudinal trends of efficiency and safety of water transport in stems and leaves of Nepalese Rhododendron species from analyses of the morphological traits (2019)
  • Author(s): Haruhiko Taneda, Shuichi Noshiro
  • Journal Title: Rhododendron International Volume: 3 Pages: 43-65
• [Journal Article] のびる、つかまる、つながる ―つる植物の多様な生態と多様な研究― (2019)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦、鈴木牧、井上みずき、森英樹
  • Journal Title: 日本生態学会誌 Volume: 印刷中
  • NAID: 130007688892
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Intra-specific trends of lumen and wall resistivities of vessels within the stem xylem vary among three woody plants (2018)
  • Author(s): Hiroki Ooeda, Ichiro Terashima, Haruhiko Taneda
  • Journal Title: Tree Physiology Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Pages: 223-231
  • DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx114
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Bundle sheath lignification mediates the linkage of leaf hydraulics and venation (2018)
  • Author(s): Akihiro Ohtsuka, Lawren Sack, Haruhiko Taneda
  • Journal Title: Plant, Cell and Environment Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Pages: 342-353
  • DOI: 10.1111/pce.13087
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 冬季におきる枝の通水阻害から常緑針葉樹の寒冷地適応を読み解く (2018)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦
  • Journal Title: 遺伝 Volume: 72 Pages: 57-62
• [Journal Article] Structures of bordered pits potentially contributing to isolation of a refilled vessel from negative xylem pressure in stems of Morus australis Poir.: Testing of the pit membrane osmosis and pit valve hypotheses. (2017)
  • Author(s): Hiroki Ooeda, Ichiro Terashima, Haruhiko Taneda
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell & Physiology Volume: 58 Pages: 354-364
  • DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw196
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] 縞枯れではどうやって風が針葉樹を衰退させるのか？ (2021)
  • Author(s): 種子田 春彦，小笠 真由美，矢崎 健一，丸田 恵美子
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 縞枯樹木の水利用の現状－衰退は気孔開閉に顕れているか－ (2021)
  • Author(s): 宮沢良行, 種子田春彦, 杉浦大輔
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会
• [Presentation] 年輪解析から見えてきた縞枯れにおける常緑針葉樹の枯死パターン (2021)
  • Author(s): 谷口晃基, 種子田春彦, 安江恒, 福田健二
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会
• [Presentation] Aspiration of inter-tracheid pit and cavitated lumen of tracheids cause inhibition of transport induced by frost drought in young stem of Abies veitchii. (2019)
  • Author(s): Haruhiko Taneda, Hiroki Ooeda, Akihiro Ohtsuka, Mayumi Ogasa, Kenichi Yazaki, Emiko Maruta
  • Organizer: International Mountain Conference 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 亜高山帯性常緑針葉樹 シラビソ Abies veitchii の越冬戦略 ― 枝における冬の通水阻害とその回復 ― (2018)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦、小笠真由美、矢崎健一、宮沢良行、丸田恵美子
  • Organizer: 日本植物学会
• [Presentation] 微細な形態が作り出す花びらの機能 (2018)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 亜高山帯針葉樹の枝における水輸送の維持機構 ―冬季の通水阻害とその回復― (2018)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦、小笠真由美、矢崎健一、宮沢良行、丸田恵美子
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会
• [Presentation] のびる、つかむ、つかまる ―つる植物の多様な生態― (2017)
  • Author(s): 種子田春彦
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会関東地区会シンポジウム
• [Remarks] 種子田春彦の研究内容
  • URL: http://www.bs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~seitaipl/taneda.html