Exploration of novel mechanism underlying energy expenditure of skeletal muscle of fattening cattle

Research Project

Project/Area Number	17H03903
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	Animal production science
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	Matsui Tohru 京都大学, 農学研究科, 教授 (40181680)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	舟場正幸京都大学, 農学研究科, 准教授 (40238655)
Project Period (FY)	2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help	¥15,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,630,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000) Fiscal Year 2017: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Keywords	畜産学 / 栄養学
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In many kinds of mammals, uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, a principal protein of non-shivering thermogenesis, is exclusively expressed in brown/beige adipocytes. We previously identified that UCP1 is also expressed in the skeletal muscle of fattening cattle. The present study explored factors affecting UCP1 expression in animal study as well as cell culture study. Expression levels of muscular UCP1 were higher in cattle aged 30 months than in those aged 26 months. Cell culture using bovine myogenic cells indicated that TGF-β family regulates UCP1 expression.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	脱共役タンパク質（UCP）1はエネルギーを浪費するタンパク質で、特殊な脂肪細胞でのみ発現すると理解されていた。しかし、肥育牛筋組織でもUCP1を発現することを先に明らかにした。肥育牛におけるUCP1は、肥育効率（飼料摂取量当たりの増体）の観点から不要な存在といえる。筋組織でのUCP1発現レベルは、26か月齢で屠畜した肥育牛よりも30か月齢で屠畜した肥育牛の方が高かった。また、肥育牛の筋由来細胞を用いた解析により、TGF-βファミリーがUCP1発現を制御していることも明らかにした。これらの結果の集積は、より効率的な肉牛生産法の開発に寄与する。