| Budget Amount *help |
¥12,090,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,790,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The aim of this study was to determine that the innate immune system is formed in the chick gastrointestinal tract, and to examine the possibility that vaccination and probiotics feeding modulate that function. The results showed that Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns, and antimicrobial peptides were expressed at higher levels in neonatal chicks with declining during the growth of them. The expression of the innate immune molecules was affected by intestinal microbes, and also by probiotic bacteria supplemented in the diets. In the proventriculus, Infectious bronchitis virus vaccination modulated the expression of TLRs and antimicrobial peptides in the proventriculus. Thus, we suggest that the innate immune system is formed in the chick gastrointestinal tract, and it may be possible to modulate the function by probiotics and vaccination.
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