Climatological analysis of cloud and precipitation system associated with extratropical cyclones with a focus on differences between Northern and Southern Hemispheres

• Project/Area Number: 17H04856
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Meteorology/Physical oceanography/Hydrology
• Research Institution: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: Kodama Chihiro 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 地球環境部門(環境変動予測研究センター), 副主任研究員 (90598939)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥23,920,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,520,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥7,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,650,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥7,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,650,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥6,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,590,000)
• Keywords: 温帯低気圧 / 雲・降水システム / 高解像度気候シミュレーション / 全球非静力学モデル / HighResMIP / 降水 / 前線 / 雲・降水 / 気候変化 / 高解像度気候モデル / 衛星観測 / 気候変動

Outline of Final Research Achievements

A series of climate simulation data by global high-resolution non-hydrostatic atmospheric model was analyzed with a focus on extratropical cyclones and fronts. It was shown that the model captures the characteristic features of the precipitation around the extratropical cyclones derived from satellite observation. Also, it was found that the precipitation around the oceanic extratropical cyclones scales with the surface air temperature irrespective of hemispheres and climates, and the rate of precipitation change by the surface air temperature is larger with the intense oceanic extratropical cyclones compared with the averaged ones. An analysis of the front showed that the model captures the distribution of the frequency of occurrence of front and that the frequency is decreased and moved equatorward due to global warming.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

数値モデルによって得られた降水量と地上気温の関係が現実にも存在すると仮定すると、本研究結果は衛星等による高い信頼性を持った全球降水観測を長期間に渡って実施することで、将来気候における降水変化を制約できることを示している。これは、中緯度における降水量の将来気候変化予測の信頼性を高めることにつながる社会的意義の大きな結果である。前線頻度の将来変化については温帯低気圧そのものの将来変化では説明できず、これまでにない予測結果を提示している可能性がある。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Max Planck Institute for Meteorology(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Stockholm University(スウェーデン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Max Planck Institute for Meteorology(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Leeds/Met Office(英国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] MPI-M(Germany)
• [Journal Article] A New Perspective for Future Precipitation Change from Intense Extratropical Cyclones (2019)
  • Author(s): Kodama C.、Stevens B.、Mauritsen T.、Seiki T.、Satoh M.
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letters Volume: 46 Issue: 21 Pages: 12435-12444
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019gl084001
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Cloud feedbacks in extratropical cyclones: insight from long-term satellite data and high-resolution global simulations (2019)
  • Author(s): D. T. McCoy, P. R. Field, G. S. Elsaesser, A. Bodas-Salcedo, B. H. Kahn, M. D. Zelinka, C. Kodama, T. Mauritsen, B. Vanniere, M. Roberts, P. L. Vidale, D. Saint-Martin, A. Voldoire, R. Haarsma, A. Hill, B. Shipway, and J. Wilkinson
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Pages: 1147-1172
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-1147-2019
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] HighResMIP climate simulations with NICAM and beyond on supercomputer Fugaku (2021)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama, Y. Yamada, T. Ohno, T. Seiki, H. Yashiro, A. T. Noda, M. Nakano, W. Roh, M. Satoh, T. Nitta, D. Goto, H. Miura, T. Nasuno, T. Miyakawa, Y.-W. Chen, M. Sugi
  • Organizer: JpGU Meeting 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Early results of extratropical cyclone analysis in NICAM HighResMIP simulations (2020)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama
  • Organizer: PRIMAVERA Final General Assembly
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 全球非静力学モデルNICAMにおける温帯低気圧の水平解像度依存性 (2019)
  • Author(s): 小玉知央
  • Organizer: 日本気象学会2019秋季大会
• [Presentation] Model updates and early results of a decadal high-resolution climate simulations using the Non-hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model, NICAM, for CMIP6 HighResMIP (2019)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama, Y. Yamada, T. Ohno, T. Seiki, H. Yashiro, A. T. Noda, M. Nakano, W. Roh, M. Satoh, T. Nitta, T. Nasuno, T. Miyakawa, Y.-W. Chen, and M. Sugi
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Preliminary results of a high-resolution climate simulation using the Non-hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model, NICAM, for CMIP6 HighResMIP (2018)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama, M. Satoh, T. Ohno, A. T. Noda, H. Yashiro, Y. Yamada, M. Nakano, T. Seiki, T. Nasuno, Y.-W. Chen, T. Miyakawa, M. Sugi, W. Roh
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Society 15th Annual Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 全球非静力学モデルNICAM気候実験における水平解像度依存性 (2018)
  • Author(s): 小玉知央, 佐藤正樹, 大野知己, 野田暁, 八代尚, 山田洋平, 中野満寿男, 清木達也, 那須野智江, Ying-Wen Chen, 宮川知己, 杉正人, Woosub Roh
  • Organizer: 日本気象学会2018秋季大会
• [Presentation] A strong temperature dependence in intense-storm rainfall indicated by inter-hemispheric contrast of storms (2017)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama, B. Stevens, T. Mauritsen, T. Seiki and M. Satoh
  • Organizer: Fourth International Conference on Earth System Modeling (ICESM), Hamburg, Germany
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Future projection of extratropical cyclone simulated by a 14 km mesh global atmosphericmodel with explicit convection (2017)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama, B. Stevens, T. Mauritsen, T. Seiki and M. Satoh
  • Organizer: 2017 CFMIP Meeting on Clouds, Precipitation, Circulation, and Climate Sensitivity, Itoh Hall, Hongo Campus, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] A strong temperature dependence in precipitation associated with intense extratropical cyclones indicated by inter-hemispheric contrast of cyclones (2017)
  • Author(s): C. Kodama, B. Stevens, T. Mauritsen, T. Seiki and M. Satoh
  • Organizer: Asian Conference on Meteorology (ACM) 2017, BEXCO, Busan, Korea
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Remarks] 地球温暖化に伴う温帯低気圧の雨量増加を衛星観測から高精度に求める試み
  • URL: http://www.jamstec.go.jp/j/about/press_release/20191114/