主竜類の繁殖戦略の進化史解明

• Project/Area Number: 17J00224
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 国内
• Research Field: Stratigraphy/Paleontology
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba (2018); Nagoya University (2017)
• Principal Investigator: 田中 康平 筑波大学, 生命環境系, 助教
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-26 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥9,750,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,250,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
• Keywords: 主竜類 / 恐竜類 / 卵 / 繁殖 / 営巣 / 胚 / 抱卵 / 中生代 / 鳥類 / 繁殖戦略

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

主竜類（ワニ類・恐竜類・鳥類）の繁殖方法の変遷を探るため，3つの研究テーマ（「鳥類に近縁な獣脚類恐竜の大型化と営巣行動の変化」，「恐竜類の胚の成長率の推定」，そして「多変量解析を用いた繁殖戦略の進化史推定」）に取り組んでいる．平成30年度は，一つ目のテーマを完了させ、論文発表・プレスリリースを行った．さらに残りの二つのテーマのデータ収集・解析を進めた．
一つ目のテーマは，昨年度、重点的にデータ収集・解析・執筆を行った研究である．本研究では，鳥類に近縁なオヴィラプトロサウルス類恐竜に焦点を当て，巨大化と抱卵行動の関係を調査した．これまで大型恐竜は，その重い体重ゆえに抱卵できないと考えられていたが，本研究により，大型種も抱卵した可能性が示され，従来の常識を覆す発見となった．論文は2018年5月，Biology Letters誌（王立協会発行）に掲載され，プレスリリースを行った．
残りの二つのテーマは，データ収集を重点的に行った．恐竜の胚（孵化前の個体）の成長率は，孵化後の親の子育て度合いにも関連する重要な形質である．恐竜胚の成長率は，これまで曖昧にしか議論されてこなかったが，本研究では，胚の骨の微細構造を用いて定量的に評価する計画である．現在，各成長段階の鳥類胚を揃え，胚骨の多孔質度を分析中である．データが蓄積されつつあり，手法を軌道に乗せることで，恐竜の胚化石に応用できる．
さらに，繁殖戦略を推定する研究では，恐竜類の卵の大きさと産卵数を推定する研究を行っている．卵の大きさや産卵数は，繁殖戦略の根本となる重要な形質である．本年度は，国内外の博物館で化石種・現世種の標本調査を行った．データ収集はほぼ完了しており，現在，データの解析作業に着手している．興味深い結果が得られつつあり，近いうちの発表を期待している．

Research Progress Status

翌年度、交付申請を辞退するため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

翌年度、交付申請を辞退するため、記入しない。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] モンゴル科学アカデミー(モンゴル)
• [Int'l Joint Research] 河南省地質博物館/東陽博物館(中国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] カルガリー大学/王立ティレル古生物博物館(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] カルガリー大学/ロイヤル・ティレル古生物博物館(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] 中国地質科学院(中国)
• [Journal Article] Incubation behaviours of oviraptorosaur dinosaurs in relation to body size (2018)
  • Author(s): Tanaka Kohei、Zelenitsky Darla K.、L? Junchang、DeBuhr Christopher L.、Yi Laiping、Jia Songhai、Ding Fang、Xia Mengli、Liu Di、Shen Caizhi、Chen Rongjun
  • Journal Title: Biology Letters Volume: 14 Issue: 5 Pages: 20180135-20180135
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0135
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 非鳥類型恐竜類から鳥類へ，営巣方法と営巣行動の変遷 (2018)
  • Author(s): 田中康平, Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F., 小林快次
  • Journal Title: 日本鳥学会誌 Volume: 67 Pages: 25-40
  • NAID: 130006733733
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Dinosaur eggshells from the lower Maastrichtian St. Mary River Formation of southern Alberta, Canada (2018)
  • Author(s): Voris, J.T., Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F., and Tanaka, K.
  • Journal Title: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Pages: 272-282
  • DOI: 10.1139/cjes-2017-0195
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Nest substrate reflects incubation style in extant archosaurs with implications for dinosaur nesting habits (2018)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F., and Kobayashi, Y.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 1-10
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21386-x
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] First discovery of dinosaur eggs in Qingdao area of Shandong Province, China (2018)
  • Author(s): Ren, T., Wang, Y., Ning, Z., Shen, C., Zhou, X., Tanaka, K., Huang, Y., Zhang, C., Lu, J.
  • Journal Title: Acta Geoscitifica Sinica Volume: 39 Pages: 241-249
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Dinosaur eggshells from the Santonian Milk River Formation of Alberta, Canada (2017)
  • Author(s): Darla K. Zelenitsky, D. K., Therrien F., Tanaka, K., Kobayashi, Y. DeBuhr, C.L.
  • Journal Title: Cretaceous Research Volume: 74 Pages: 181-187
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2017.02.016
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 恐竜とその半径3メートルの復元 ～巣作り現場を中心に～ (2019)
  • Author(s): 田中康平
  • Organizer: 日本古生物学会第168回例会シンポジウム
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Report on a theropod nesting site from Hyogo, Japan (2018)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F., Fernandez, M.S., Saegusa, H., Ikeda, T., and Kubota, K.
  • Organizer: 78th Annual Meeting of Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Evolution of nesting and reproductive traits in dinosaurs (2018)
  • Author(s): Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F., and Tanaka, K.
  • Organizer: The Palaeontological Association 62nd Annual Meeting Symposium
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Long-term climate and environmental changes did not lead to the extinction of dinosaurs: evidence from the latest Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada (2018)
  • Author(s): Therrien, F., Zelenitsky, D.K., Brinkman, D.B., Quinney, A., Tanaka, K., and Eberth, D.A.
  • Organizer: The Palaeontological Association 62nd Annual Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Faunal and climate changes at the end of the Cretaceous: the Alberta perspective (2018)
  • Author(s): Therrien, F., Zelenitsky, D.K., Brinkman, D.B., Quinney, A., Tanaka, K., and Eberth, D.A.
  • Organizer: 22nd Annual Symposium of Alberta Palaeontological Society
• [Presentation] 主竜類における孵化日数の変遷 (2018)
  • Author(s): 田中康平, Zelenitsky, D.K., and Therrien, F.
  • Organizer: 日本古生物学会第167回例会
• [Presentation] Changements climatiques, environnementaux et fauniques a la fin du Cretace en Alberta (2017)
  • Author(s): Therrien, F., Zelenitsky, D.K., Brinkman, D.B., Quinney, A., and Tanaka, K.
  • Organizer: 85e Congres de l’Acfas, Colloque 201
• [Presentation] Fragmentary mandibles of fossil lizards from the Upper Cretaceous Oldman Formation, Devil's Coulee, Southern Alberta, Canada (2017)
  • Author(s): Ikeda, T., Zelenitsky, D.K., Ota, H., Tanaka, K., and Therrien, F.
  • Organizer: 77th Annual Meeting of Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Dinosaur nesting at high-latitude: implications from nest material, nest structures, and incubation heat sources (2017)
  • Author(s): Tanaka, K., Zelenitsky, D.K., Therrien, F., and Kobayashi, Y.
  • Organizer: 77th Annual Meeting of Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The end of an era: faunal, paleoenvironmental, and paleoclimatic changes in the uppermost Campanian-lowermost Paleocene Edmonton Group of Alberta, Canada (2017)
  • Author(s): Therrien, F., Zelenitsky, D.K., Brinkman, D.B., Quinney, A., Tanaka, K., and Eberth, D.A.
  • Organizer: 77th Annual Meeting of Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Dinosaur eggshell assemblage from the uppermost Campanian-lower Maastrichtian St. Mary River Formation of southern Alberta, Canada (2017)
  • Author(s): Voris, J., Zelenitsky, D.K., Tanaka, K., Therrien, F.
  • Organizer: 77th Annual Meeting of Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Taxonomic trends in fossil egg remains during the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada (2017)
  • Author(s): Zelenitsky, D.K., Tanaka, K., Voris, J., and Therrien, F.
  • Organizer: 77th Annual Meeting of Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 絶滅した恐竜類・鳥類の卵が何日で孵化したか推定する (2017)
  • Author(s): 田中康平, Zelenitsky, D.K., and Therrien, F.
  • Organizer: 日本鳥学会2017年度大会
• [Remarks] 筑波大学研究者総覧
  • URL: https://trios.tsukuba.ac.jp/researcher/0000004240