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鳥類のジレンマ~歩行安定性と飛行安定性のトレードオフ~

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17J03543
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section国内
Research Field Stratigraphy/Paleontology
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

田中 郁子  京都大学, 理学研究科, 特別研究員(PD)

Project Period (FY) 2017-04-26 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywords関節運動 / 姿勢 / モーメントアーム / CT撮影 / フォトグラメトリ / 三次元解析 / 鳥類 / 足跡 / 歩行 / 重心位置 / 骨 / 重心 / 二足歩行 / 筋肉
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

"鳥類の足根中足骨の遠位端の機能解析~恐竜と古鳥類の歩様の推定~"鳥類の下肢で最大の構成要素である足根中足骨は,その遠位端が趾骨と関節するため3又構造になっている.この骨をCTでスキャンして,3次元データを取得した.Mayaを用いて矢上面上での骨のshaftを0°と設定し,-90°から90°まで回転させ,遠位端の両端の軸に挟まれる角度を連続的に計測した.そして,鳥類を6つの機能カテゴリで分類した.これらのカテゴリにはサイズ効果はあるが,複数の検定を実施した結果,比較的明瞭に機能カテゴリに分かれた.これら3変数を用いてLDAを実施した.判別得点は85%と高かったので,獣脚類と古鳥類の化石の推定を実施した.
"鳥類の踵関節の最大モーメントアーム解析による姿勢推定"鳥類の下肢の関節は,関節に腱が回り込むという点で特別である.腱が回り込めば,腱が関節運動に干渉するので,モーメントアームの挙動が理論的に推測しにくい.鳥類の踵関節は,脛足根骨の遠位端と足根中足骨の近位端とが関節している.腱を脛足根骨のshaftに対して平行に引っ張ると,足根中足骨は背屈から底屈に向かう.この方法を用い,関節角度と腱の移動距離を計測した.機能カテゴリ別に,最大モーメントアームを取る角度とそれと一致する運動姿勢を調べた.
"CT撮影により軟組織を計測するための手法開発"近年,CT撮影による非破壊的な解剖手法は,技術が進んでいるが,染色による軟組織の識別とその収縮についての知識の蓄積はまだ充分でない.軟組織の識別のためには,薬剤による充分な染色が必要であるが,薬剤による染色は軟組織収縮の原因となる.体サイズがほぼ同じキジの脚を切り出し,ルーゴル液10%を作成し,5つの条件を準備した.他に,肉眼解剖で染色なしのキジの脚を解剖し,それぞれ筋重量の計測をした.現在,一部,筋骨格系モデルの構築が終了した.

Research Progress Status

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (4 results) Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Manchester/Manchester Metropolitan University/Liverpool John Moores University(英国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Bonn(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Liverpool John Moores University(英国)

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Eotvos Lorand University/Hungarian National Museum(Hungary)

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A standard protocol for documenting modern and fossil ichnological data2018

    • Author(s)
      Falkingham P et al.
    • Journal Title

      Palaeontology

      Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Pages: 469-480

    • DOI

      10.1111/pala.12373

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] High-resolution diatom record of paleoceanographic variations across the Early?Middle Pleistocene boundary in the Chiba Section, central Japan2017

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Ikuko、Hyodo Masayuki、Ueno Yusuke、Kitaba Ikuko、Sato Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      Quaternary International

      Volume: 455 Pages: 141-148

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.quaint.2017.08.017

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] The method of estimating bipedally dinosaur’s posture from the ground based on walking bird’s tarsometatarsus2019

    • Author(s)
      Ikuko Tanaka, Peter Falkingham,Takeshi Yamasaki
    • Organizer
      the 67th SVPCA and 28th SPPC
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Vertebrate tracks in the upper part of the Omma Formation (Pleistocene) of west-central Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Ikuko Tanaka, Yoshiro Katsura
    • Organizer
      ICCI, Halle
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Variability of the footprints of oriental stork (Ciconia Boyciana; Aves, Ciconiidae) in homogeneous sediment2017

    • Author(s)
      Ikuko Tanaka
    • Organizer
      65th Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy & 26th Symposium of Palaeontological Preparation and Conservation
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A re-analysis of the middle Pleistocene hominin-like footprints from Vértesszőlős, Hungary2017

    • Author(s)
      Ikuko Tanaka
    • Organizer
      19th Annual Conference of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A re-analysis of ~350 ka hominin-like footprints from Vértesszőlős Hungary, employing photogrammetry and 3D analysis.2017

    • Author(s)
      Ikuko Tanaka
    • Organizer
      The 77th Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Variability among footprints of Ciconia boyciana (Aves: Ciconiidae) in homogeneous sediment2017

    • Author(s)
      Ikuko Tanaka
    • Organizer
      SEB2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2017-05-25   Modified: 2024-03-26  

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