| Project/Area Number |
17K03359
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Public law
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| Research Institution | Kumamoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
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| Keywords | 公衆衛生 / 公害救済 / 地方分権 / 行政的救済 / 原子力リスク / 原告適格 / 公衆衛生法 / 予防原則 / リスク・コミュニケーション / 水俣病認定 / 公有水面埋立 / 原賠法 / 責任集中 / 行政意思決定過程 / 理由説明 / 被爆者援護法 / 現代的公害 / 救済遅延 / 慰藉料 / 公健法 / 災害救助法 / 障害補償費 / 水俣病 / 補償協定 / 公法学 / 環境法政策 / 行政救済法 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
At the level of research design, under the theoretical question of why the government should relieve pollution damage, the practical question of what range and degree should be relieved is positioned, and the actual operation of the remedy system is opposed to such questions. The first outcome is set by the debate over the government's responsibility for rescue in dealing with social disasters. In the process of analyzing the Disaster Relief Act and the legal handling of COVID-19 pandemic, this study proposed to organize disaster relief as a governmental responsibility of public health maintenance based on Article 25, Paragraph 2 of the Constitution (answer to theoretical questions). Second, a series of case studies of remedy based on the Act on Compensation for Pollution-related Health Damage or the Act on Compensation for Nuclear Damage presented solutions to individual problems regarding the scope and extent of relief (response to practical questions).
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
裁判による公害被害救済の難点（被害者が負担する時間・資金・体力等のコスト）を克服するために各種救済法制が打ち出されてきたが、公健法に基づく水俣病認定は今もなお争訟を引き起こしている。本来は加害者が果たすべき救済の責任を政府が一旦引き受ける論理は、災害救助や新型コロナ対応とも共通する、公衆衛生を良好に維持する政府の責任に根差していることが、意識されなければならない。様々な社会的災難に対処する各種法制度の間で理論や手法を共有する道筋（論じ方）を示すことにより、合理的な救済制度の構築に寄与した。
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