Psychological and physiological effects of a loving-kindness and compassion based cognitive behavior therapy.

• Project/Area Number: 17K04453
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Clinical psychology
• Research Institution: Kwansei Gakuin University
• Principal Investigator: ARIMITSU Kohki 関西学院大学, 文学部, 教授 (10341182)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: コンパッション / セルフ・コンパッション / マインドフルネス / 社交不安 / 肯定的感情 / 社交不安症 / 慈悲 / 認知行動療法

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to develop a program (Loving-kindness based CBT: LK-CBT) combining cognitive-behavioral therapy and compassion and mindfulness meditation, and to examine the effectiveness of social anxiety symptoms. Two group comparison (intervention vs waiting condition) revealed that the program was effective for reducing social anxiety symptoms and resting EEG activities, and enhancing positive emotions, self-compression. These results show that the program was effective in reducing social anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, these effects were experimentally verified in making speech, eating small foods, and the elicited anger experience. A series of experiments revealed some improvement points of the program.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我が国を含めて東アジアの国々は，欧米と比較すると抑うつや不安症の原因とされる自己批判傾向が強い(Arimitsu et al., 2018)。そうした国々の人々にとり，今回開発された自己批判傾向を和らげるプログラムは大変有意義であろう。また，コンパッションに注目した心理療法の多くは，その効果指標を主観的に報告によっている。本研究では，脳波や心拍数，発汗量といった生理的指標を測定しており，多側面からの新たな効果が検証できた点は，重要な学術的進歩であったと言える。最後に本研究は，社交不安症向けのプログラムのマニュアルを作成しており，今後普及も見込める点からも，社会的貢献も果たしうると考えている。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Examining the factor structure of the Self-Compassion Scale in 20 diverse samples: Support for use of a total score and six subscale scores. (2019)
  • Author(s): Neff, K.D., Toth-Kiraly, I., Yarnell, L.M., Arimitsu, K., Castilho, P., Ghorbani, N.R., Guo, H.X., Hirsch, J.K., Hupfeld, J., Hutz, C.S., Kotsou, I., Lee, W.K., Montero-Marin, J., Sirois, F.M., Souza, L.K., Svendsen, J.L., Wilkinson, R.B., & Mantzios, M.
  • Journal Title: Psychological Assessment Volume: 31 Issue: 1 Pages: 27-45
  • DOI: 10.1037/pas0000629
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Differences in Compassion, Well-being, and Social Anxiety Between Japan and the USA (2018)
  • Author(s): Arimitsu Kohki、Hitokoto Hidefumi、Kind Shelley、Hofmann Stefan G.
  • Journal Title: Mindfulness Volume: 10 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-9
  • DOI: 10.1007/s12671-018-1045-6
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] コンパッション・セラピーからの診立てと治療方針 (2017)
  • Author(s): 有光興記
  • Journal Title: 精神科治療学 Volume: 32 Pages: 949-955
• [Presentation] セルフ・コンパッション:その概念，測定，研究 (2019)
  • Author(s): 有光興記
  • Organizer: 日本心理学会
• [Presentation] セルフ・コンパッションの実践：慈悲とマインドフルネス瞑想の臨床応用 (2019)
  • Author(s): 有光興記
  • Organizer: 日本認知・行動療法学会
• [Presentation] Age and Gender Differences in Self-Compassion in A Japanese Adult Sample. (2018)
  • Author(s): Arimitsu, K., Yamamiya, Y., Shimai, S.
  • Organizer: 9th European Conference on Positive Psychology, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Frontal EEG asymmetry and compassion in patients with social anxiety disorder. (2017)
  • Author(s): Kohki Arimitsu, Satoshi Nagahori, Keisuke Sawano, Yuta Terauchi, Yui Iwama, Shuntaro Seki, & Stefan G. Hofmann
  • Organizer: the Society for Affective Science 2017 Meeting
• [Book] やさしくなりたいあなたへ贈る慈悲とマインドフルネス瞑想 (2020)
  • Author(s): 有光興記
  • Total Pages: 207
  • Publisher: 法研
  • ISBN: 9784865136630
• [Remarks] 慈悲とマインドフルネス瞑想
  • URL: https://clinical-affective-science.org/compassion.html
• [Remarks] 慈悲とマインドフルネス瞑想
  • URL: https://clinical-affective-science.org/LKM.html
• [Remarks] 肯定的感情トレーニング
  • URL: https://clinical-affective-science.org/LKM.html