| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Flipped learning appears to be beneficial for all learners. However, it is not necessary for teachers to make it compulsory for students to watch the videos before class. Students with high linguistic self-confidence prefer to test their own English proficiency by reading the textbook without relying on the simplified explanations giving in the videos. Students with lower linguistic self-confidence prefer to read the textbook while listening to the teacher's explanation in the videos, thus being able to participate actively in class.
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