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鉄より重い元素より探る銀河系の形成過程と化学進化

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17K05391
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field Astronomy
Research InstitutionInternational Christian University

Principal Investigator

石丸 友里  国際基督教大学, 教養学部, 上級准教授 (90397068)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 青木 和光  国立天文台, TMT推進室, 准教授 (20321581)
和南城 伸也  上智大学, 理工学部, 准教授 (30327879)
Project Period (FY) 2017
Project Status Discontinued (Fiscal Year 2017)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywords化学進化 / 銀河系 / 元素合成 / 超新星 / 中性子星合体
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

金やプラチナのような鉄より重い元素(rプロセス元素)の起源、そして銀河形成過程を明らかにするために、銀河化学進化の計算を行った。主要なrプロセス元素(金やプラチナなど)は中性子星合体、軽いrプロセス元素(銀やパラジウムなど)の一部は超新星爆発が起源であると仮定した。現在の銀河系が様々な質量をもつ小銀河の合体により形成されたとする構造形成モデル(Ishimaru, Wanajo, Prantzos 2015)を基に、それぞれの小銀河で超新星や中性子星合体が予想される割合で発生するという確率論的モデルに拡張した。その結果、中性子星合体の発生頻度が低いために、最小質量の銀河では(個数で)その10%程度でのみrプロセス元素の影響が見られ、そのときのrプロセス元素の鉄に対する割合は極めて高くなることが明らかになった。そして、上記の論文で示唆されている通り小質量銀河では星形成率が低いと仮定すれば、超低金属星にrプロセス元素の過剰が見られることが説明できることが示された。さらに、観測で明らかにされている主要なrプロセス元素と軽いrプロセス元素の異なる傾向は、後者の一部が中性子星合体とは別の起源、例えば超新星爆発であるとすれば説明できることを示した。本年度、重力波とその電磁波対応天体の観測により中性子星合体がrプロセスの起源である可能性が指摘されている。本研究はそれとは独立に、さらに、銀河系形成期から現在に至るまで一貫して中性子星合体がrプロセス元素の主要な起源であることを示唆している。また、銀河系が矮小銀河のような小規模の銀河の合体によって形成されたという構造形成論を裏付けている。

Report

(1 results)
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (21 results)

All 2018 2017 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Peer Reviewed: 10 results,  Open Access: 9 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 3 results) Presentation (7 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] パリ天体物理学研究所/パリ天文台(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] マックスプランク研究所(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] モナッシュ大学(オーストラリア)

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Nucleosynthesis in the Innermost Ejecta of Neutrino-Driven Supernova Explosions in Two Dimensions2018

    • Author(s)
      Wanajo, S., Mueller, B., Janka, H.-T., Heger, A.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 852 Issue: 1 Pages: 40-20

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aa9d97

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Properties of Kilonovae from Dynamical and Post-Merger Ejecta of Neutron Star Mergers2018

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M., Kato, D., Gaigalas, G., Rynkun, P., Radziute, L., Wanajo, S., Sekiguchi, Y., Nakamura, N., Tanuma, H., Murakami, I., Sakaue, H. A.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 852 Issue: 2 Pages: 109-109

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aaa0cb

    • NAID

      120007180031

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Enrichment of Zinc in Galactic Chemodynamical Evolution Models2018

    • Author(s)
      Hirai, Y., Saitoh, T. R., Ishimaru, Y., Wanajo, S.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

    • Description
      未定
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Chemo-Dynamical Evolution of r-process Elements in the Local Group Galaxies2017

    • Author(s)
      Yutaka Hirai, Yuhri Ishimaru, Takayuki R Saitoh, Michiko S Fujii, Jun Hidaka, Toshitaka Kajino
    • Journal Title

      JPS Conference Proceedings

      Volume: 14 Pages: 020204-020204

    • DOI

      10.7566/jpscp.14.020204

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Stochastic Chemical Evolution of Sub-Halos and the Origin of R-Process Elements2017

    • Author(s)
      Ojima, T., Ishimaru, Y., Wanajo, S., Prantzos, N.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Nuclei in the Cosmos, JPS Conf. Proc.

      Volume: 14 Pages: 020208-3

    • DOI

      10.7566/jpscp.14.020208

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Enrichment of R-Process Elements by Neutron Star Mergers Through the Sub-Halo Clustering2017

    • Author(s)
      Ishimaru, Y., Ojima, T., Wanajo, S., Prantzos, N.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Nuclei in the Cosmos, JPS Conf. Proc.

      Volume: 14 Pages: 020210-3

    • DOI

      10.7566/jpscp.14.020210

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Abundance of Weak r-process Elements of Metal-Poor Stars ~Universality or Diversity?~2017

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, M., Ishimaru, Y., Aoki, W., Wanajo, S.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Nuclei in the Cosmos, JPS Conf. Proc.

      Volume: 14 Pages: 020302-3

    • DOI

      10.7566/jpscp.14.020302

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Diversity of Abundance Patterns of Light Neutron-capture Elements in Very-metal-poor Stars2017

    • Author(s)
      Misa Aoki, Yuhri Ishimaru, Wako Aoki, Shinya Wanajo
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 837 Issue: 1 Pages: 8-16

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aa5d08

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Early chemo-dynamical evolution of dwarf galaxies deduced from enrichment of r-process elements2017

    • Author(s)
      Yutaka Hirai, Yuhri Ishimaru, Takayuki R Saitoh, Michiko S Fujii, Jun Hidaka, Toshitaka Kajino
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 466 Issue: 2 Pages: 2474-2487

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stw3342

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Production and Distribution of 44Ti and 56Ni in a Three-Dimensional Supernova Model Resembling Cassiopeia A2017

    • Author(s)
      Wongwathanarat, A., Janka, H.-T., Mueller, E., Pllumbi, E., Wanajo, S.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 842 Issue: 1 Pages: 13-20

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aa72de

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Simulations of Electron Capture and Low-Mass Iron Core Supernovae2017

    • Author(s)
      Maller, B., Wanajo, S., Janka, H.-Th., Heger, A., Gay, D., Sim, S. A.
    • Journal Title

      Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana

      Volume: 88 Pages: 288-293

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] r-Process in Neutron Star Mergers and Kilonova Emission2018

    • Author(s)
      和南城伸也
    • Organizer
      The first annual symposium of the innovative area "Gravitational Wave Physics and Astronomy : Genesis"
    • Place of Presentation
      東京大学, 柏
    • Year and Date
      2018-03-06
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 重元素の起源2017

    • Author(s)
      和南城伸也
    • Organizer
      第30回理論懇シンポジウム「星の物理の新地平」
    • Place of Presentation
      東京大学, 本郷
    • Year and Date
      2017-12-25
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Nucleosynthesis in Neutron Star Mergers2017

    • Author(s)
      和南城伸也
    • Organizer
      Ito International Research Center(IIRC) Symposium “Perspectives of the Physics of Nuclear Structure”
    • Place of Presentation
      東京大学, 本郷
    • Year and Date
      2017-11-04
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] r-Process in Supernovae and Neutron Star Mergers2017

    • Author(s)
      和南城伸也
    • Organizer
      The Japan-France Workshop “Neutron Star Mergers and Galactic Chemical Evolution”
    • Place of Presentation
      国立天文台, 三鷹
    • Year and Date
      2017-10-19
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Galactic Chemical Evolution of r-Process Elements2017

    • Author(s)
      石丸友里
    • Organizer
      The Japan-France Workshop “Neutron Star Mergers and Galactic Chemical Evolution”
    • Place of Presentation
      国立天文台, 三鷹
    • Year and Date
      2017-10-19
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Search for Metal-poor Stars with LAMOST and Subaru2017

    • Author(s)
      青木和光
    • Organizer
      The Japan-France Workshop “Neutron Star Mergers and Galactic Chemical Evolution”
    • Place of Presentation
      国立天文台, 三鷹
    • Year and Date
      2017-10-19
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] r-Process Nucleosynthesis in Neutron Star Mergers2017

    • Author(s)
      和南城伸也
    • Organizer
      Stellar Evolution, Supernova and Nucleosynthesis Across Cosmic Time
    • Place of Presentation
      東京大学, 柏
    • Year and Date
      2017-09-21
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2017-04-28   Modified: 2020-03-17  

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