| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Males of the Japanese bush warbler utter continuous songs when they encounter predators and conspecific females. To understand this vocalization, I conducted field observation and experiments. Males used continuous songs unfrequently before female arrival at the breeding ground. They used the songs more frequently after female arrival especially in the territories where females settled. However, neither females nor predators showed apparent responses to the continuous songs. Also, females were not attracted to the broadcast of the songs. These results indicate that existence of conspecific females is important to the occurrence of continuous songs.
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