| Project/Area Number |
17K13620
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
International law
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| Research Institution | Toyo University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
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| Keywords | 国際司法裁判所 / 管轄権 / 先決的抗弁 / ジェノサイド条約 / 多数国間条約 / 裁判条項 / 暫定措置 / ICJ / 国家間紛争 / 人権条約 / 受理可能性 / 原告適格 / 当事国間対世的義務 / 民衆訴訟 / 国際法 / 国家通報制度 / 人種差別撤廃条約 / 国際刑事裁判所 / 判決の履行 / 紛争の存在 / 紛争の平和的解決 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
With the increasing variety of disputes brought before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in recent years, this research focuses on the relationship between the basis of the ICJ’s jurisdiction and the claims of the parties involved as a key indicator of recent trends. Initially, the research aimed to investigate (a) the potential use of actio popularis and (b) new applications for seeking enforcement of previous judgments. However, as the research progressed, disputes between hostile States emerged as a prominent issue due to applicant States invoking compromissory clauses in multilateral treaties as the basis for the Court’s jurisdiction. A key finding is that actio popularis is no longer exceptional. The ICJ has determined that parties not directly injured by the defendant State have standing, as evidenced in cases related to the Genocide Convention. Another significant finding is that provisional measures have become increasingly important in recent cases.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
学術的には、一部の多数国間条約において実質的に民衆訴訟が認められることや暫定措置の有用性を確認することで、ICJがより広く利用される可能性が高いことを示しつつ、付託事件数・付随手続の増加などに伴うICJの司法機関としての課題や現行制度の限界等も指摘した。研究遂行期間中にミャンマーのロヒンギャ問題、ロシアのウクライナ侵攻、シリア内戦やイスラエルのガザ侵攻など国際社会の重要問題がICJに付託されたことで、ICJの役割が国内外で注目されるようになった。ICJの管轄権の問題など本件の研究に関係する論点の解説を適宜社会発信ができたことで、社会的な意義もあったと思われる。
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