Investigation of the relationship between intracellular Mg2+ concentration and ribosomes

• Project/Area Number: 17K15253
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Applied microbiology
• Research Institution: Gakushuin University (2019); Rikkyo University (2017-2018)
• Principal Investigator: Akanuma Genki 学習院大学, 理学部, 助教 (30580063)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: Ribosome / Magnesium / Bacillus subtilis / ribosome / magnesium / Translation

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We investigated the influence of the change of intracellular Mg2+ concentration on the ribosomes. Excess Mg2+ reduced the cellular translational activity and induced the transcription of rRNA. When decreasing the intracellular Mg2+ concentration, the amount of 70S ribosome was significantly decreased. These results suggest that the ribosomes which can chelate 25% of Mg2+ in the cell are involved in the Mg2+ homeostasis.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

リボソームはタンパク質を合成する複合体であり、マグネシウムイオン（Mg2+）は多様な酵素機能やリボソームの構造維持に必須な金属イオンである。どちらも全ての生物において生命活動維持に欠かせないものだが、細胞内における両者の関係について詳細に調査した例は無く、リボソームがMg2+の貯蔵庫として機能する可能性を示した本研究の成果は学術的に大きな意義を持つと言える。また、本研究で開発した細胞内Mg2+濃度を操作する技術は微生物の醗酵生産能を向上できる可能性も秘めており、応用面での発展も期待される。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] The C-Terminal RRM/ACT Domain Is Crucial for Fine-Tuning the Activation of 'Long' RelA-SpoT Homolog Enzymes by Ribosomal Complexes. (2020)
  • Author(s): Takada H, Roghanian M, Murina V, Dzhygyr I, Murayama R, Akanuma G, Atkinson GC, Garcia-Pino A, Hauryliuk V.
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Microbiology Volume: 11 Pages: 277-277
  • DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00277
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] C-terminal regulatory domain of the ε subunit of FoF1 ATP synthase enhances the ATP-dependent H+ pumping that is involved in the maintenance of cellular membrane potential in Bacillus subtilis (2019)
  • Author(s): Akanuma Genki、Tagana Tomoaki、Sawada Maho、Suzuki Shota、Shimada Tomohiro、Tanaka Kan、Kawamura Fujio、Kato-Yamada Yasuyuki
  • Journal Title: MicrobiologyOpen Volume: - Issue: 8
  • DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.815
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Ribosome Reconstruction during Recovery from High-Hydrostatic-Pressure-Induced Injury in Bacillus subtilis (2019)
  • Author(s): Nguyen HTM, Akanuma G, Hoa TTM, Nakai Y, Kimura K, Yamamoto K, Inaoka T.
  • Journal Title: applied environmental microbiology Volume: 86 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1128/aem.01640-19
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Magnesium Suppresses Defects in the Formation of 70S Ribosomes as Well as in Sporulation Caused by Lack of Several Individual Ribosomal Proteins (2018)
  • Author(s): Genki Akanuma, Kotaro Yamazaki, Yuma Yagishi, Yuka Iizuka, Morio Ishizuka, Fujio Kawamura, Yasuyuki Kato-Yamada
  • Journal Title: Journal of Bacteriology Volume: 200 Issue: 18
  • DOI: 10.1128/jb.00212-18
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] リボソームタンパク質S14 の進化と30S サブユニットの多様化 (2020)
  • Author(s): 赤沼元気、河村富士夫、渡辺智、渡辺正樹、大川典哉、吉川博文、千葉櫻拓、朝井計、山田康之
  • Organizer: 日本農芸化学会2020年度大会
• [Presentation] リボソームタンパク質S14置換による枯草菌キメラリボソームの作製と解析 (2019)
  • Author(s): 赤沼元気、河村富士夫、渡辺智、渡辺正樹、大川典哉、吉川博文、千葉櫻拓、朝井計、山田康之
  • Organizer: 日本農芸化学会2019年度大会
• [Presentation] リボソームを介したMg2+濃度変化への適応 (2019)
  • Author(s): 赤沼元気、並木晃、河村富士夫、山田康之
  • Organizer: 第13回日本ゲノム微生物学会年会
• [Presentation] リボソームと細胞内Mg2+濃度の相関性 (2018)
  • Author(s): 赤沼元気、並木晃、山崎晃太朗、矢岸勇真、河村富士夫、山田康之
  • Organizer: 日本農芸化学会 2018年度大会