| Project/Area Number |
17K17334
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Orthodontics/Pediatric dentistry
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| Research Institution | Kyushu University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
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| Keywords | ドパミン神経細胞 / 自閉症 / ミトコンドリア / SHED / 自閉スペクトラム症 / 乳歯歯髄肝細胞 / 視床下部神経細胞 / オキシトシン / 脳神経疾患 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study aimed to investigate the pathological association between development of dopaminergic neurons (DN) and mitochondria in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by using stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). The SHED collected from ASD and typically developing children were differentiated into DN, and the neurobiology of these cells was examined. The DN derived from children with ASD showed impaired neurite outgrowth and branching, associated with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production, number of mitochondria within the neurites, amount of mitochondria per cell area and intracellular calcium level. In addition, impaired neurite outgrowth and branching of ASD-derived DN were not improved by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction caused by impairment of the BDNF signaling pathway reduce dopaminergic neurite outgrowth in ASD.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
ASDは小児の代表的な精神行動異常疾患で、昨今では疾患概念が広範化され約100人に7～8人と推測され、社会問題となっており、一刻も早い病態解明が期待されている。本研究により、ミトコンドリア機能の低下が自閉症の病態発症に関与することが明らかとなり、同疾患の早期治療法の開拓に貢献したと考えられる。
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