Studies on Size Distribution and Mixing State of Black Carbon Aerosols in China

• Project/Area Number: 18310007
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Environmental dynamic analysis
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: KOIKE Makoto The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Associate Professor (00225343)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): TAKEGAWA Nobuyki The University of Tokyo, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Associate Professor (00324369) ; MIYAZAKI Yuzo The University of Tokyo, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Research Associate (60376655) ; KITA Kazuyuki Ibaraki University, Faculty of Science, Associate Professor (30221914)
• Project Period (FY): 2006 – 2007
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
• Budget Amount: ¥16,880,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,380,000); Fiscal Year 2007: ¥5,980,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,380,000); Fiscal Year 2006: ¥10,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,900,000)
• Keywords: aerosol / black carbon / soot / China / Beijing / PRD / radiative forcing / climate change / 気候変動 / 気候影響

Research Abstract

Recent rapid growth of industrial activities in East Asia has been causing large increase in aerosols in this area. Atmospheric aerosols modify the radiation budget through scattering and absorption. Because black carbon (BC) aerosols (e.g., soot) efficiently absorb the solar radiation, they have been recognized one of the most important aerosol compounds the solar radiation, they have been recognized one of the mot important aerosol compounds for climate change.
In the physical year of 2006, measurements of BC mass concentrations, size distribution, and mixing sate were in the Beijing region and Peal River Delta (PRD) region in China with Peking University Research Groups and some other international research groups. Aerosol chemical composition and some other parameters were also simultaneously measured.
In the physical year of 2007, these data were precisely analyzed and interpreted from the viewpoint of emission sources, chemical production, transport processes, and removal processes using three-dimensional chemistry transport model. Observations show that BC concentrations in Beijing have a clear diurnal variation with a maximum during night. This feature was well reproduced by model calculations through diurnal variations, such as that in the boundary layer height. Although large day-to-day variations were found for secondary aerosols, such as inorganic aerosols, they were small for BC. Model calculations showed that BC concentrations were generally controlled by BC emissions within 100 km around Beijing within previous 24 hours. On the centrally, emissions as far as 500 km within previous 3 days were found to affect concentrations of secondary aerosols, such as sulfate through accumulations under stable synoptic-scale meteorological conditions.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Measurements of Reactive Nitrogen Produced by Tropical Thunderstorms during BIBLE-C (2007)
  • Author(s): M.Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Urban photochemistry in central Tokyo: 1. Observed and modeled OH and HO2 radical concentrations during the winter and summer of 2004 (2007)
  • Author(s): Y. Kanaya, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Seasonal variation of atmospheric C2-C7 nonmethane hydrocarbons in Tokyo (2007)
  • Author(s): T. Shirai, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evolution of mixing state of black carbon particles: Aircraft measurements over the western Pacific in March 2004 (2007)
  • Author(s): N. Moteki, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: Geophys. Res. Lett 34
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Nitric acid condensation on ice: 2. Kinetic limitations, a possible 'cloud clock' for determining cloud parcel lifetime (2007)
  • Author(s): B. Gamblin, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Urban photochemistry in central Tokyo : 1. Observed and modeled OH and H02 radical concentrations during the winter and summer of 2004 (2007)
  • Author(s): Kanaya, Y., R. Cao, H. Akimoto, M. Fukuda, Y. Komazaki, Y. Yokouchi, M. Koike, H. Tanimoto, N. Takegawa, Y. Kondo
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res doi : 10. 1029/2007JD008670 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Seasonal variation of atmospheric C2-C7 nonmethane hydrocarbons in Tokyo (2007)
  • Author(s): Shirai, T., Y. Yokouchi, D. R. Blake, K. Kita, K. Izumi, M. Koike, Y. Komazaki, Y. Miyazaki, M. Fukuda, Y. Kondo
  • Journal Title: I Geophys. Res doi : 10.1029/2006JD008163 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Measurements of Reactive Nitrogen Produced by Tropical Thunderstorms during BIBLE-C (2007)
  • Author(s): Koike, M., Y. Kondo, K. Kita, N. Takegawa, N. Nishi, B. Liley, T. Kashihara, S. Kudoh, S. Kawakami, D. Blake, T. Shirai, M. Ko, Y. Miyazaki, Z. Kawasaki, T. Ogawa
  • Journal Title: I Geophys. Res. doi : 10.1029/2006JD008193 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Evolution of mixing state of black carbon particles : Aircraft asurements over the western Pacific in March 2004 (2007)
  • Author(s): Moteki, N., Y. Kondo, Y. Miyazaki, N. Takegawa, T. Miyakawa, Y. Komazaki, G. Kurata, T. Shirai, D. R. Blake, M. Koik
  • Journal Title: Geophys. Res. Lett. 10.1029/2006GL028943 34
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Nitric acid condensation on ice : 2. Kinetic limitations, a possible "cloud clock" for determining cloud parcel lifetime (2007)
  • Author(s): Gamblin, B., O. B. Toon, M.A. Tolbert, Y. Kondo, N. Takegawa, H. Irie, M. Koike, P. K. Hudson, J.0. Ballenthin, D. E. Hunton, T. M. Miller, A.A. Viggiano, B. E. Anderson, M. Avery, G. W. Sachse, K. Guenther, C. Sorenson, M. J. Mahoney
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. doi : 10.1029/2005JD006049 112
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Measurements of Reactive Nitrogen Produced by Tropical Thunderstorms during BIBLE-C (2007)
  • Author(s): M.Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J.Geophys.Res 112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Urban photochemistly in central Tokyo:1.Observed and modeled OH and HO2 radical concentrations during the winter and summer of 2004 (2007)
  • Author(s): Y.Kanaya, M.Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J.Geophys.Res 112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Seasonal variation of atmospheric C2-C7 nonmethane hydrocarbons in Tokyo (2007)
  • Author(s): T.Shirai, M.Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J.Geophys.Res 112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evolution of mixing state of black carbon particles:Aircraft measurements over the westem Pacific in March 2004 (2007)
  • Author(s): N.Moteki, M.Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: Geophys.Res.Lett 34
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Nitric acid condensation on ice:2.Kinetic limitations, a possible‘cloud clock'for determining cloud parcel lifetime (2007)
  • Author(s): B.Gamblin, M.Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J.Geophys.Res 112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Seasonal Variation of Carbon Monoxide in Northern Japan: FTIR Measurements and Source-labeled Model Calculations (2006)
  • Author(s): M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. 111
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Temporal variations of elemental carbon in Tokyo (2006)
  • Author(s): Y. Kondo, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. 111
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evolution of submicron organic aerosol in polluted air exported from Tokyo (2006)
  • Author(s): N.. Takegawa, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: Geophys. Res. Lett. 33
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Nitric acid condensation on ice: 1. Non-HNO3 constituent of NOY condensing cirrus particles on upper tropospheric (2006)
  • Author(s): B. Gamblin, M. Koike, 他
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. 111
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Seasonal Variation of Carbon Monoxide in Northern Japan : FTIR Measurements and Source-labeled Model Calculations (2006)
  • Author(s): Koike, M., N. B. Jones, P. I. Palmer, H. Matsui, Y. Zhao, Y. Kondo, Y. Matsumi, H. Tanimoto
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. dio : 10.1029/2005JD006643 111
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Nitric acid condensation on ice : 1. Non-HN03 constituent of NOY condensing cirrus particles on upper tropospheric (2006)
  • Author(s): Gamblin, B., O. B. Toon, M.A. Tolbert, Y. Kondo, N. Takegawa, H. Irie, M. Koike, J. O. Ballenthin, D. E. Hunton, T. M. Miller, A.A. Viggiano, B. E. Anderson, M. Avery, G. W. Sachse, J. R. Podolske, K. Guenther, C. Sorenson, M. J. Mahoney
  • Journal Title: I Geophys. Res. doi : 10.1029/2005JD006048 111
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Temporal variations of elemental carbon in Tokyo (2006)
  • Author(s): Kondo, Y., Y. Komazaki, Y. Miyazaki, N. Moteki, N. Takegawa, M. Nogami, S. Deguchi, M. Fukuda, T. Miyakawa, Y. Morino, D. Kodama, M. Koike
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res. doi : 10.1029/2005JD006257 111
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Evolution of submicron organic aerosol in polluted air exported from Tokyo (2006)
  • Author(s): Takegawa, N., T. Miyakawa, Y. Kondo, D. R. Blake, Y. Kanaya, M. Koike, M. Fukuda, Y. Komazaki, Y. Miyazaki, A. Shimono, T. Takeuchi
  • Journal Title: Geophys. Res. Lett. doi : 10.1029/2006GL025815 33
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Seasonal Variation of Carbon Monoxide in Northern Japan : FTIR Measurements and Source-labeled Model Calculations (2006)
  • Author(s): Koike, M., N.B.Jones, P.I.Palmer, H.Matsui, Y.Zhao, Y.Kondo, Y.Matsumi, H.Tanimoto
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research 111
• [Journal Article] Temporal variations of elemental carbon in Tokyo (2006)
  • Author(s): Kondo, Y., Y.Komazaki, Y.Miyazaki, N.Moteki, N.Takegawa, M.Nogami, S.Deguchi, M.Fukuda, T.Miyakawa, Y.Morino, D.Kodama, M.Koike
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research 111
• [Presentation] ブラックカーボンの物理化学的変容過程と混合状態を表現したモデルの開発 (2007)
  • Author(s): 大島、小池, 他
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2007年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-21
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Presentation] 3次元モデルを用いた関東域における2次有機エアロゾルの変動過程について (2007)
  • Author(s): 松井、小池, 他
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2007年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-21
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Presentation] Development of new aerosol model to study volution of size dependent BC mixing state (2007)
  • Author(s): Oshima, Koike, et. al.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2007
  • Place of Presentation: Makuhari Messe, International Convention Complex
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-21
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Presentation] Studies on secondary organic aerosol formation over the Kanto area (2007)
  • Author(s): Matsui, Koike, et. al.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2007
  • Place of Presentation: Makuhari Messe, International Convention Complex
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-21
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Presentation] 人為起源ブラックカーボンの混合状態の時間的変化とその要因:エアロゾルの粒径分布と混合状態を表現した新しいモデルの開発 (2007)
  • Author(s): 大島長、小池真, 他
  • Organizer: 日本気象学会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京・国立オリンピック記念青少年総合センター
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-13
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Presentation] 都市域から輸送される汚染空気塊における有機エアロゾル生成率 (2006)
  • Author(s): 竹川、小池, 他
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2006年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2006-05-16
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Presentation] 3次元化学輸送モデルによる都市大気中の二次有機エアロゾル濃度の再現 (2006)
  • Author(s): 松井、小池, 他
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2006年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2006-05-16
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Presentation] Secondary organic aerosol formation efficiency within urban plume (2006)
  • Author(s): Takegawa, Koike, et. al.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2006
  • Place of Presentation: Makuhari Messe, International Convention Complex
  • Year and Date: 2006-05-16
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Presentation] Three-dimensional model calculations on secondary organic aerosol in urban air (2006)
  • Author(s): Matsui, Koike, et. al.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2006
  • Place of Presentation: Makuhari Messe, International Convention Complex
  • Year and Date: 2006-05-16
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Presentation] Evolution and processes of BC mixing state in air : Development of size resolved mixing state aerosol model (2006)
  • Author(s): Oshima, Koike, et. al.
  • Organizer: Japan Meteorological Society annual meeting in 2008
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo national Olympic center
  • Year and Date: 2006-05-13
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より