| Project/Area Number |
18500168
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Sensitivity informatics/Soft computing
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
KITAJIMA Muneo National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Institute for Human Science and Biomedical Engineering, Group Leader (00344440)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NAMATAME Miki Tsukuba University of Technology, 総合デザイン学科, Professor (20320624)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
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| Keywords | hard-of -hearing persons / pictogram / usability / web / ウェブ |
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| Research Abstract |
In 2006, we conducted an experiment to compare alternative representations of directories for improving usability of web sites. The experiment simulated a directory-based information search task to understand how it is performed when directories are represented in text, labeled pictograms, or unlabeled pictograms. Twenty-one hard-of-hearing, who were skilled at processing pictograms, and 21 hearing participants, skilled at processing text; were asked to select one of 27 directories represented in one of the three alternative formats for each of 38 queries ranging from easy to difficult. The result demonstrated that it took more time to select a directory for the difficult queries than for the easy queries and that it took the least time when the directories were represented in labeled pictograms. In addition, the degree of variability in directories selected by each of the participant groups was greater for the difficult queries than for the easy queries and decreased monotonically for the hearing group as the format became more textual. However, it stayed approximately at the same level for the hard-of-hearing group.
In 2007, we carried out further analysis on eye movement data that were collected in the above-mentioned experiment. We found that only in the labeled-pictogram condition, the hearing group and the hard-of-hearing group performed equally well in terms of the number of fixations and the fixation times. We conclude that labeled-pictogram representation has advantage over text representation. This implies that the participants gathered information necessary to select a directory most efficiently when the directories were represented by text and pictograms. We suggest that web site designers should use labeled-pictogram to achieve fest and easy navigability of directory-based web sites.
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