| Project/Area Number |
18510001
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Environmental dynamic analysis
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
HAYASAKA Hiroshi Hokkaido University, Grad. School of Eng., Associate Professor (40142195)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,440,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
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| Keywords | Large-scale forest fires / Hotspot / Climate change / Boreal forest / Peat fire / Tropical swamp forest / International information exchange / USA: Russia (Sakha): Indonesia: Mongolia / 気候変動 / タイガ / アラスカ / サハ共和国 / 熱帯林 / 衛星検知 |
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| Research Abstract |
In this research, recent wildfire activity in Alaska, Sakha (Siberia), Mongolia, and Indonesia was characterized by considering recent weather conditions during a period of rapid climate change. Forest fire data from various government forest agencies, hotspot data obtained from satellite, and weather records were analyzed to clarify the relationship between fire activity and weather. Results showed that level of wildfire activity in all four locations was strongly affected by lower precipitation and increased temperatures. Thus, weather conditions coincident with rapid climate change may allow occurrence of large-scale fires and create a positive feedback loop to climate warming by the release of greenhouse gasses from forest fires. It is notable that increased temperature and lower precipitation led to increases in wildfire in four widely different ecosystems from the boreal to the tropical. Wildland fires in boreal and tropical forests are important as potential carbon sources because they accumulate large amounts of carbon in their forest floors and emit large amounts of not only carbon oxide (CO_2) but also other greenhouse gases such as methane (CH_4) after large-scale fires and clear cuttings. Recent large-scale wildland fires in these four regions should be considered one of the most important ecological disasters mainly caused by human activity or man-made climate change. Analysis of the four regions and level of wildfire activity under rapid climate condition are done by using newly developed analysis method for fire behavior using hot spot data.
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