| Project/Area Number |
18560617
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Town planning/Architectural planning
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| Research Institution | Ritsumeikan University |
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Principal Investigator |
OIKAWA Kiyoaki Ritsumeikan University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Professor (00168840)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
FUJII Akira Univ. of Tokyo, Institute of Industrial Science, Professor (20126155)
HIRAO Kazuhiro Ritsumeikan Univ., Faculty of Science and Engineering, Professor (00252479)
YAMAMOTO Naohiko Univ. of Shiga Prefecture, School of Environmental Science, Associate Professor (50368007)
HASHIMOTO Kenichiro Univ. of Tokyo, Institute of Industrial Science, Research Associate (40361646)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
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| Keywords | Gap between Buildings / Building Location / Morphology / Three-dimensional / Sphere Sweeping Method / Closing / Digital Image Processing / Densely Built-up Area / 球掃過 / 密集 |
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this study is to propose a method of quantification of the gap between buildings, which is one of features in Japanese urban space, and to clarify the characteristics of volume, area and distribution pattern of these gaps.
The three-dimensional gap was defined as volume where a sphere of radius r cannot sweep through on a three-dimensional building location map. The diameter of the sphere stands for the width of a gap. To extract the gap-volume operations in image-processing method called erosion and dilation were applied and developed. That is, after digital imaging of a three-dimensional building location map, building volume were dilated in terms of a digital figure corresponding to a sphere of rand then eroded. This procedure is equivalent to a dosing operation in morphology and enabled the extracting gaps. We call this method "Sphere Sweeping Method".
The following results were obtained by applying this method to the building location of Kyoto city.
1) The ratio of gap projected to horizontal area (gross area ratios) at three different widths of gap is 0.4% at 1.5m width, 1.2% at 2.5m, and 2.2% at 3.5m.
2) The gap ratios and index of density (building density, perimeter-ratio, building coverage) are con-elated.
3) The ratio of three-dimensional gap to the whole volume of buildings at three different widths of gap is 1.5% at 1.5m width, 4.1% at 2.5m, and 7.0% at 3.5m. Therefore the quantity of gap cannot be neglected in urban area.
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