Chemical cycle and strategy for starvation of photosynthetic bacteria in soil and water
Project/Area Number |
18570026
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Research Field |
Ecology/Environment
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Research Institution | Tokyo Metropolitan University |
Principal Investigator |
MATSUURA Katsumi Tokyo Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Professor (30181689)
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Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
|
Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
|
Budget Amount *help |
¥4,020,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
|
Keywords | Microbial community / photosynthetic bacteria / chemical cycle / sulfur cycle / 環境適応 / 土壌環境 / 環境浄化 / イオウ循環 / 硫酸還元細菌 / イオウ酸化細菌 |
Research Abstract |
Various colored microbial mats were observed in a slightly alkaline (pH 8.5) and sulfide-containing hot spring at Nakabusa, Japan. Dense olive-green mats developed at 65℃ in the effluent from the hot spring, while white to gray colored microbial streamers were observed at 75℃. The 16S rDNA based DGGE analysis showed the predominance of three thermophilic members of the Bacteria ; sulfur-oxidizing Aquificales spp., sulfate-reducing Thermodesulfobacterium spp. and filamentous anoxygenic photosynthetic Chloroflexus aggregans in the microbial mats at 65℃. However, photosynthetic Chloroflexus aggregans was not detected in the microbial streamer at 75℃. The results based on 16S rDNA coincided with those of the functional gene analysis using apsA for sulfate-reducing bacteria and pufLM for photosynthetic bacteria in the 65℃ microbial mat. The in vitro sulfide-monitoring experiments suggested slight sulfide generation by sulfate-reducing bacteria under anaerobic-dark conditions, sulfide utiliz
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ation by photosynthetic bacteria under anaerobic-light conditions and rapid consumption of sulfide by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria under aerobic-dark conditions. From these results, we concluded that the light-dependent microbial sulfide oxidation process was significantly involved in the sulfur cycling among sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, in the microbial mats at 65℃. On the other hand, to obtain amino acid-utilizing sulfate reducers enrichment culture was carried out with a medium containing Casamino acids and sulfate, and inoculated in coastal marine sediment of eutrophic Tokyo Bay. A sulfate reducer, strain C/L2T, was isolated from the sulfide-producing enrichment culture after further enrichment with lactate and sulfate by the agar shake dilution method. Cells of strain C/L2T were vibrio-shaped, Gram-negative and motile rods (0.7-1.0 um wide x 1.0- 3.5 um long) with single polar flagella. Strain C/L2T was proposed as a new species in this genus, with the name of Desulfovibrio marinisediminis, sp. nov. because of its physiological and phylogenetic differences from Desulfovibrio acrylicus. Less
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Report
(3 results)
Research Products
(4 results)
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[Journal Article] A new membrane-bound cytochrome c works as an electron donor to the photosynthetic reaction center complex in the purple bacterium, Rhodovulum sulfidophiloum.2007
Author(s)
Kimura, Y, Alric, J, Vermeglio, A, Masuda, S, Hagiwara, Y, Matsuura, K, Shimada, K, Nagashima, K, V.P
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Journal Title
Journal of Biological Chemistry 282
Pages: 6463-6472
Related Report