| Project/Area Number |
18590640
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Legal medicine
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| Research Institution | University of Miyazaki |
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Principal Investigator |
YUKAWA Nobuhiro University of Miyazaki, Faculty of Medicine, Professor (30240154)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SAKAI Masahiro University of Miyazaki, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor (20178536)
KAKIZAKI Eiji University of Miyazaki, Faculty of Medicine, Assistant Professor (70284833)
KOZAWA Shuji University of Miyazaki, Faculty of Medicine, Assistant Professor (20379944)
松田 洋和 宮崎大学, 医学部, 助手 (10363582)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
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| Keywords | drowning / diatom / aquatic bacteria / marine bacteria / plankton / estuary / salinity |
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| Research Abstract |
We collected 68 fresh, brackish and sea water samples from various sites around the estuaries of two rivers at high and low tides. Sea water flowed about 2.4 (salinity, 2.2% at the site) and 1.2 km (1.8%) upstream of the estuaries, but the surface comprised essentially fresh water up to the mouth. Sites contained 69 - 22,200 diatoms/50 ml of water and the numbers varied by depth and at sites separated by only about 1.2 km. Diatoms ranged from 2.8 to 429 (mean range, 16.1-59.2)μm in size. Large pennate diatoms populated fresh water areas, and most sedimented before reaching the sea. Tides and the nature of the river often altered diatomaceous assemblages at the same estuarial sites. Caution is recommended for forensic interpretation of aqueous media to deduce drowning sites.
We also detected numerous bioluminescent bacteria in blood samples from two cadavers that had been immersed in estuarine environments. Homologous analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene identified the bioluminescent colonies as Vibrio fischeri and V. harveyi, which normally inhabit seawater. These findings in the blood from immersed bodies suggested brackish or marine water aspiration because our previous study showed that few other marine bacteria invade and predominate post mortem. This simple and rapid bacteriological test has potential as a marker supporting a conclusion of death by drowning.
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