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Motor cortex stimulation therapy for the treatment of post-stroke motor weakness

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18591614
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Cerebral neurosurgery
Research InstitutionNihon University

Principal Investigator

YAMAMOTO Takamitsu  Nihon University, 医学部, 教授 (50158284)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KATAYAMA Yoichi  日本大学, 医学部, 教授 (00125048)
FUKAYA Chikashi  日本大学, 医学部, 准教授 (50287637)
小林 一太  日本大学, 医学部, 助手 (20366579)
Project Period (FY) 2006 – 2008
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2008)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Keywords片麻痺 / 脳卒中 / 運動野 / 視床痛 / 運動野刺激 / 運動誘発電位 / 大脳皮質運動野 / 中枢性疼痛 / 大脳皮質運動野刺激 / 運動機能回復 / 中心溝
Research Abstract

Post-stroke painで運動麻痺を認める症例に対して大脳皮質運動野刺激を行い、疼痛と運動機能に対する効果を検討した。6ヶ月間の大脳皮質運動野の慢性刺激では、6例中3例で運動機能の改善を認めたが、一日の刺激時間が長時間に及んだ2例では運動障害が増悪した。以上の結果から、運動機能回復を目的とした大脳皮質運動野刺激では、刺激条件設定が重要であることが明らかとなった

Report

(4 results)
  • 2008 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2007 Annual Research Report
  • 2006 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (66 results)

All 2009 2008 2007 2006

All Journal Article (25 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 6 results) Presentation (23 results) Book (18 results)

  • [Journal Article] 神経障害性疼痛に対するDual-leadを用いた脊髄刺激療法とlow-dose ketamine点滴療法の併用効果2009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Journal Title

      Pain Research 24

      Pages: 9-15

    • NAID

      10024965173

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 神経障害性疼痛に対するDual- lead を用いた脊髄刺激療法とlow- dose ketamine 点滴療法の併用効果2009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 深谷 親, 片山容一
    • Journal Title

      Pain Research 24

      Pages: 9-15

    • NAID

      10024965173

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Multiple-cell spike density and neural noise level analysis by semimicroelectrode recording for identification of the subthalamic nucleus during surgery for Parkinson's disease2008

    • Author(s)
      Kano T, Katayama Y, Kobayashi K, Kasai M, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Neuromodulation 11

      Pages: 1-7

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Direct inhibition of levodopa-induced beginning-of-dose motor deterioration by subthalamic nucleus stimulation in a patient with Parkinson disease2008

    • Author(s)
      Oshima H, Katayama Y, Fukaya C, Kano T, Kobayashi K, Yamamoto T, Suzuki Y
    • Journal Title

      J Neurosurg 108

      Pages: 160-163

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] フィードフォワード型オンデマンド脳深部刺激システムによる振戦制御 : 筋電図パターンによる上肢運動判別の試み2008

    • Author(s)
      永岡右章、角光一郎、大渕敏樹、大高稔晴、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、山本隆充、片山容一
    • Journal Title

      機能的脳神経外科 47

      Pages: 165-169

    • NAID

      10029744647

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] c-Fos expression after chronic electrical stimulation of sensorimotor cortex in rats2008

    • Author(s)
      Shijo K, Katayama Y, Yaashita A, Kobayshi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Neuromodulation 11

      Pages: 187-195

    • NAID

      10024368999

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Direction and predictive factors for the shift of brain structure during deep brain stimulation electrode implantation for advanced Parkinson's disease2008

    • Author(s)
      Obuchi T, Katayama Y, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Neuromodulation 11

      Pages: 302-310

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 運動誘発電位の臨床経験2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、四條克倫、加納利和、永岡右章、小林一太、深谷親、片山容一
    • Journal Title

      臨床脳波 50

      Pages: 470-477

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 運動誘発電位の臨床経験2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 深谷 親, 片山容一
    • Journal Title

      臨床脳波 50

      Pages: 470-477

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Direction and predictive factors for the shift of brain structure during deep brain stimulation electrode implantation for a dvanced Parkinson' s disease2008

    • Author(s)
      Obuchi T, Katayama Y, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Neuromodulation 11

      Pages: 302-310

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Recording of corticospinal evoked potential for optimum placement of motor cortex stimulation electrodes2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Katayama Y, Obuchi T, Kano T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Kakigi R
    • Journal Title

      in the treatment of post-stroke pain-two case reports Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 47

      Pages: 409-414

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Thalamic deep brain stimulation for writer's cramp2007

    • Author(s)
      Fukaya C, Katayama Y, Kano T, Nagaoka T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      J Neurosurg 107

      Pages: 977-982

    • NAID

      10024169726

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Changes in glucose metabolism in cerebral cortex and cerebellum correlate with tremor and rigidity control by subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease : A positron emission tomography study2007

    • Author(s)
      Nagaoka T, Katayama Y, Kano T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Neuromodulation 10

      Pages: 206-215

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Recording of corticospinal evoked potential for optimum placemant of motor cortex stimulation electrodes in the treatment of post-stroke pain.:,2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Neurol Med Chir(Tokyo) 47

      Pages: 410-415

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Thalamic deep brain stimulation for writer's cramp. 20072007

    • Author(s)
      Fukaya C., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neurosurgery 107(in press)

      Pages: 977-982

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 中枢性疼痛に対するケタミン点滴療法、ペインクリニック2007

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 他
    • Journal Title

      ペインクリニック 28

      Pages: 560-565

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 意識障害(脳幹網様体が関連する病態)2007

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充
    • Journal Title

      Clinical Neuroscience 25

      Pages: 418-420

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Pallidal high-frequency deep brain stimulation for camptocomia : an experience of three cases2006

    • Author(s)
      Fukaya C, Otaka T, Obuchi T, Kano T, Nagaoka T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Yamamoto T, Katayama Y
    • Journal Title

      Acta Neurochirurgica (Suppl) 99

      Pages: 25-28

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Feed forward control of post-stroke movement disorders by on-demand type stimulation of the thalamus and motor cortex2006

    • Author(s)
      Katayama Y, Kano T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Acta Neurochirurgica (Suppl) 99

      Pages: 21-24

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Feed forward control of post-stroke movement disorders by on-demand type stimulation of the thalamus and motor cortex2006

    • Author(s)
      Katayama Y, Kano T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Yamamoto T
    • Journal Title

      Acta Neurochirurgica(Suppl) 99

      Pages: 21-24

    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Thalamic sensory relay nucleus stimulation for the treatment of peripheral deafferentation pain.2006

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto Takamitsu
    • Journal Title

      Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 84

      Pages: 180-183

    • NAID

      10013438911

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Direct effect of subthalamic nucleus stimulation on levodopa-induced peak-dose dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson disease.2006

    • Author(s)
      Katayama Yoichi
    • Journal Title

      Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 84

      Pages: 176-179

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Feed forward control of post-stroke movement disorders by on-demand type stimulation of the thalamus and motor cortex.2006

    • Author(s)
      Katayama Yoichi
    • Journal Title

      Acta Neurochirurgica (Suppl) 99

      Pages: 21-24

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Pallidal high-frequency deep brain stimulation for camptocomia : an experience of three cases.2006

    • Author(s)
      Fukaya Chikashi
    • Journal Title

      Acta Neurochirurgica (Suppl) 99

      Pages: 25-28

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 中枢性疼痛の外科的除痛法(大脳皮質刺激療法)2006

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充
    • Journal Title

      ペインクリニック 27

      Pages: 1546-1553

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] (シンポジウム慢性疼痛の系統的治療)各種神経障害性疼痛に対する脳脊髄刺激療法2009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第38回日本慢性疼痛学会(神戸)
    • Year and Date
      2009-02-28
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] 大脳皮質運動野慢性刺激による運動機能回復についての検討、 20092009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 深谷 親, 片山容一
    • Organizer
      第48回日本定位・機能神経外科学会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Year and Date
      2009-01-23
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] (シンポジウム難治性疼痛の長期成績)神経障害性疼痛に対するDual-lead SCSとlow-dose ketamine点滴療法の併用効果2009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第48回日本定位・機能神経外科学会
    • Year and Date
      2009-01-14
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] (シンポジウム磁気刺激と運動野刺激) 大脳皮質運動野慢性刺激による運動機能回復についての検討2009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第48回日本定位・機能神経外科学会
    • Year and Date
      2009-01-14
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cerebrospinal stimulation therapy for the treatment of vegetative state and minimally conscious state : Over 10 years follow-up results2009

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Katayama Y, Tsubokawa T
    • Organizer
      7^<th> Congress of Asian Australesian Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery
    • Place of Presentation
      Hong-Kong
    • Year and Date
      2009-01-09
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Dual-lead SCS combined with low-dose ketamine drip infusin therapy for the treatment of neuropathic pain2009

    • Author(s)
      Ymamoto T, Obuchi T, Kano T, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      7^<th> Congress of Asian Australesian Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery
    • Place of Presentation
      Hong-Kong
    • Year and Date
      2009-01-09
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] シンポジウム(各分野からの慢性痛治療へのアプローチ)脳外科の観点から2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第1回運動器疼痛研究会
    • Year and Date
      2008-11-07
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cerebrospinal Stimulation Therapy for the Treatment of Vegetative State and Minimally Conscious State2008

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      1^<st> Educational Conference of WFNS Neurorehabilitation
    • Place of Presentation
      Jakarta
    • Year and Date
      2008-10-26
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cerebrospinal stimulation therapy for the treatment of intractable pain2008

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      1^<st> Educational Conference of WFNS Neurorehabilitation
    • Place of Presentation
      Jakarta
    • Year and Date
      2008-10-26
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Motor cortex stimulation for the treatment of intractable pain and movement disorders : How to place the stimulating electrode2008

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      1^<st> Educational Conference of WFNS Neurorehabilitation
    • Place of Presentation
      Jakarta
    • Year and Date
      2008-10-25
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] シンポジウム(電気刺激療法の新たな応用領域)Minimally conscious stateに対する脳脊髄刺激両方の効果 : Vegetative stateに対する効果との比較から2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第47回日本定位・機能神経外科学会
    • Year and Date
      2008-01-26
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] シンポジウム(中枢性疼痛に対する治療戦略)中枢性疼痛の治療 : 脳脊髄刺激療法とケタミン点滴療法の併用効果2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 大渕敏樹、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第47回日本定位・機能神経外科学会
    • Year and Date
      2008-01-26
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cerebrospinal stimulation therapy for the treatment of vegetative state and minimally conscious state2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      8th International Conference of Neuromodulation
    • Place of Presentation
      Acapulco
    • Year and Date
      2007-12-10
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Deep brain stimulation therapy for the treatment of vegetative state and minimally conscious state2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Katayama Y, Tsubokawa T
    • Organizer
      2^<nd> ISRN and 5th WFNS Neurorehabilitation and Reconstractive Neurosurgery
    • Place of Presentation
      Taipei
    • Year and Date
      2007-10-21
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] シンポジウム(中枢性疼痛の治療戦略)中枢性疼痛に対する大脳皮質運動野刺激 : 手術方法の改善長期効果2007

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第69回日本脳神経外科学会総会
    • Year and Date
      2007-10-04
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] 41)シンポジウム(中枢性疼痛の治療戦略)中枢性痺痛に対する大脳皮質運動野刺激:手術方法の改善と長期効果、2007

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充
    • Organizer
      第69回日本脳神経外科学会総会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Year and Date
      2007-10-03
    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Intraoperative monotoring of motor function in Neurosurgery2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      1st Catholic-Nihon Neurosurgery Friendship Conference
    • Place of Presentation
      Seoul
    • Year and Date
      2007-07-15
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Intraoperative monitoring of motor function2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      6^<th> Congress of Asian Society for Stereotactic, Functional and Computer Assisted Neurosurgery
    • Place of Presentation
      Fujiyoshida
    • Year and Date
      2007-03-24
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Recording of corticospinal MEP for placement of motor cortex stimulation electrodes in the treatment of post-stroke pain2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      6^<th> Congress of Asian Society for Stereotactic, Functional and Computer Assisted Neurosurgery
    • Place of Presentation
      Fujiyoshida
    • Year and Date
      2007-03-23
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Motor cortex stimulation for the treatment of post-strike pain : Use of Cortico-spinal MEP for the placement of stimulating electrode2007

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      1st International Conference of Intraoperative Neurophysiology
    • Place of Presentation
      Luzeln
    • Year and Date
      2007-03-01
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] シンポジウム(中枢性疼痛に対する治療選択と長期成績)中枢性疼痛に対するケタラール点滴療法の効果2007

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、加納利和、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一
    • Organizer
      第46回日本定位・機能神経外科学会
    • Year and Date
      2007-01-27
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Thalamic stimulation for the treatment of various kinds of tremor and writer's cramp2006

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto T, Kobayashi K, Oshima H, Fukaya C, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      10^<th> International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders
    • Place of Presentation
      Kyoto
    • Year and Date
      2006-11-01
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Presentation] Evoked potentials to guide stimulation lead placement2006

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto, Katayama Y
    • Organizer
      5^<th>. IASP Research Symposium (Central neuropathic pain)
    • Place of Presentation
      Toronto
    • Year and Date
      2006-06-13
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 神経障害性疼痛の治療 : 中枢性疼痛に対する低用量ケタミン点滴療法2009

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、深谷親、大渕敏樹、片山容一
    • Publisher
      ペインクリニック別冊春号(真興交易医書出版部)
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] Post-stroke painの特徴と治療2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一(山本隆充編)
    • Publisher
      求心路遮断痛の診断と治療(真興交易医書出版部)
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] ケタミン点滴療法求心路遮断痛の診断と治療2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、大渕敏樹、小林一太、大島秀規、深谷親、片山容一(山本隆充編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 脳深部刺激療法脳深部刺激療法2008

    • Author(s)
      深谷親、山本隆充、片山容一(山本隆充編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 脳深部刺激(脊髄電気刺激療法)2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(森本昌宏編)
    • Publisher
      克誠堂出版
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 遷延性意識障害に対する刺激療法(脳保護・脳蘇生)2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(坂部武史編)
    • Publisher
      克誠堂出版
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 神経刺激療法(慢性疼痛の理解と医療連携)2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(宮崎東洋、北出利勝編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 痛みの概念が変わった、新キーワード100+アルファー2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(小川節郎編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 中枢性疼痛、視床痛2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(小川節郎編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 求心路遮断性疼痛2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(小川節郎編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 脊髄硬膜外電気刺激療法2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(小川節郎編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 脳深部刺激療法2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(小川節郎編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] DREZ-lesion2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(小川節郎編)
    • Publisher
      真興交易医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] Post-stroke painの特徴と治療(山本隆充編 求心路遮断痛の診断と治療)2008

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充, 深谷 親, 片山容一
    • Publisher
      真興医学出版
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] パーキンソン病(手術療法の実際について)、Mebio (Brain and Mind)2006

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一
    • Publisher
      メデイカルビュー社
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 脳深部刺激手術の実際と患者さんの治療予後についての具体的事例2006

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(パーキンソン病講座)
    • Publisher
      難病と在宅ケア
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 中枢性疼痛(痛み研究のアプローチ)2006

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充、片山容一(川谷正仁編)
    • Publisher
      日本プランニングセンター
    • Related Report
      2008 Final Research Report
  • [Book] 中枢性疼痛 (河谷正仁編 痛み研究のアプローチ)2006

    • Author(s)
      山本隆充
    • Total Pages
      7
    • Publisher
      真興交易(株)医書出版部
    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2006-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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