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原生代末期の全地球凍結から先カンプリア/カンプリア境界における環境変動と固体地球

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18740318
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Geology
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

小宮 剛  Tokyo Institute of Technology, 大学院・理工学研究科, 准教授 (30361786)

Project Period (FY) 2006 – 2007
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Keywords地質学 / 地球化学 / 層位・古生物学 / 環境変動 / 岩石鉱物鉱床学 / 古環境解読 / 生命進化 / 陸上掘削 / 原生代後期 / カンブリア紀 / 全球凍結
Research Abstract

今年度は、南中国地域で、原生代後期からカンブリア紀までの地層の地質調査と陸上掘削を含めた岩石試料採取を行った。また、ノルウェー領スバールバル諸島においても、地質調査を行い、岩石試料の収集をした。また、これまでに採取した原生代後期の全球凍結後の試料の化学分析(^<18>O/^<16>/O比、^<13>C/^<12>/C^<87>Sr/^<86>Sr比、^<88>Sr/^<86>Sr比、^<44>Ca/^<42>Ca比、FeとMn含有量)を行った。その結果、以下のような表層環境変動を解読することができた。また、その表層環境変動と生命進化を対比することによって、表層環境変動に伴う海洋中の栄養分濃度や酸素濃度が生命進化に重要な役割を果たしたことを定量化することができた。
^<88>Sr/^<86>Sr比や^<44>Ca/^<42>Ca比から、全球凍結後に極度の温暖化が起きたことが分かった。また、5億8千万年前頃に寒冷化し、地球表層が大規模な氷河に覆われた(Gaskiers氷河期)のに伴い、海退か起きたことが^<18>O/^<16>/O比や^<87>Sr/^<86>S比から分かった。^<13>C/^<12>/C比はその寒禎ヒによって生命活動が減退したことを示す。海退の際に大陸地殻浸食量が増加したことにより海水中の栄養分濃度が増加したことと、再び地球が温暖になったことにより生命活動は復活し、最古の動物の出現をもたらした。しかし、そのまま極度の温暖化にまで進行してしまったため、大陸浸食量が増加し過ぎ、海洋酸素濃度を低下させる結果となった。それにより、再び生命活動が急激に減衰した。その後、再び生命活動が回復し、カンブリア紀の生命進化に続いたことが分かった。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2007 Annual Research Report
  • 2006 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (18 results)

All 2008 2007 2006

All Journal Article (14 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 11 results) Presentation (2 results) Book (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Evolution of the composition of seawater through geologic time, and its influence on the evolution of life2008

    • Author(s)
      Komiya T., 9 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 14

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Ca isotopic compositions of dolomite, phosphorite and the oldest animalembrvo fossils from the NeoDroterozoic in Weng'an, South China2008

    • Author(s)
      Komiya T., 7 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 14

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Determination of ^<88>Sr/^<86>Sr mass-dependent isotopic fractionation and radiogenic isotope variation of Sr/Sr in the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation2008

    • Author(s)
      Ohno T., Komiya T., 3 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 14

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Sr isotope excursion around Precambrian-Cambrian boundary. In Three Gorge area,South China2008

    • Author(s)
      Sawaki Y., Fukushi Y., Ohno T., Komiya T., 3 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 14

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Internal structures and U-Pb ages of zircons from a tuff layer in the Meishucunian formation Yunnan Province South China2008

    • Author(s)
      Sawaki Y., Nishizawa M., Suo T., Komiya T., 6 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 14

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of a Precambrian/Cambrian boundary section in the Three Gorge area. South China: prominent global-scale isotope excursinns iust before the Cambrian ExDlosion2008

    • Author(s)
      Ishikawa T., Ueno Y., Komiya T., and 6 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 14

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Annealing time-scale of the cratonic lithosphere of southern Africa inferred from the shape of inclusion minerals2008

    • Author(s)
      Katayama I., Komiya T., Toriumi M., 2008
    • Journal Title

      International Geology Review 50

      Pages: 84-88

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Middle Archean ocean ridge hydrothermal metamorphism and alteration recorded in the Cleaverville area. Pilbara Craton, Western Australia2007

    • Author(s)
      Shibuya T., Kitajima K., Komiya T., and 2 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Metamorphic Geology 25

      Pages: 751-767

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Progressive metamorphism of the Taitao ophiolite; evidence for axial and nfr・axk hvdrothermal alterations2007

    • Author(s)
      Shibuya T., Komiya T., and 6 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Lithos 98

      Pages: 233-260

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Paleocurrent patterns of the sedimentary sequence of the Taitao ophiolite constrained by anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and paleomagnetic analyses2007

    • Author(s)
      Veloso E. E., Anma R., Ota T., Komiya T., and 2 colleagues
    • Journal Title

      Sedimentary Geology 201

      Pages: 446-460

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 地球の海水組成と生命の進化46億年2007

    • Author(s)
      小宮 剛
    • Journal Title

      地学雑誌 116

      Pages: 95-113

    • NAID

      10025675866

    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Geology and zircon geochronology of the Acasta Gneiss Complex, northwestern Canada : new constraints on its tectonothermal history2007

    • Author(s)
      Iizuka, T., T.Komiya, Y.Ueno, I.Katayama, Y.Uehara, S.Maruyama, T.Hirata, S.P.Johnson, D.Dunkley
    • Journal Title

      Precambrian Research 153

      Pages: 179-208

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A very hydrous mantle under the western Pacific region : implications for formation of marginal basins and style of Archean plate tectonics2007

    • Author(s)
      Komiya, T., S.Maruyama
    • Journal Title

      Gondwana Research 11

      Pages: 132-147

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Occurrence of a 4.2 Gyr old zircon in the Acasta Gneiss Complex of northwestern Canada2006

    • Author(s)
      Iizuka, T., K.Horie, T.Komiya, S.Maruyama, T.Hirata, H.Hidaka, B.F.Windley
    • Journal Title

      Geology 34

      Pages: 245-248

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Chemostratigraphies of carbon. oxygen and strontium isotopes and oxygen contents across the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary2007

    • Author(s)
      Komiya T., 2 colleagues
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      2007-12-10
    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The Snowball Earth and emergence of animals2007

    • Author(s)
      Komiya, T.
    • Organizer
      地球惑星科学連合2007年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      日本国、千葉県、幕張
    • Year and Date
      2007-05-22
    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] The early Archean Acasta Gneiss Complex: Geological, geochronological and isotopic studies and implications for early crustal evolution. ln: Van Kranendonk, M.J., Smithies H.M., Bennett, V・, (Eds.), Earth's Oldest Rocks2007

    • Author(s)
      Iizuka T., Komiya T., Maruyama
    • Publisher
      Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Material circulation through time -Chemical differentiation within the mantle and secular variation of temperature and composition of the mantle-. In: Yuen, D.A., Maruyama。S・, Karato, S・, Windley, B, F・, (Eds.), Superplumes: Beyond Plate Tectonics2007

    • Author(s)
      Komiya T.
    • Publisher
      Springer, New York
    • Related Report
      2007 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2006-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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