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Hurdles of Women's Political Participation: Surveys of Diet Members and Party Officials

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H00817
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 06010:Politics-related
Research InstitutionSophia University

Principal Investigator

MIURA Mari  上智大学, 法学部, 教授 (80365676)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 申 キヨン  お茶の水女子大学, ジェンダー研究所, 教授 (00514291)
Noble Gregory  東京大学, 社会科学研究所, 教授 (20334261)
大山 礼子  駒澤大学, 法学部, 教授 (70275931)
MCELWAIN KENNETH  東京大学, 社会科学研究所, 教授 (80768896)
スティール 若希  名古屋大学, 国際機構(法), 特任准教授 (50638765)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥6,760,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,560,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Keywords女性の政治参画 / 国会議員調査 / クオータ / 候補者リクルートメント / 政党組織 / ジェンダー規範 / 東アジア比較研究 / ジェンダー平等 / 政治家リクルートメント / ジェンダーに配慮した議会 / クオータ制 / 議会ハラスメント / 女性議員 / サーベイ実験 / 県連 / 女性政治家 / 男女共同参画 / ジェンダー / 東アジア比較 / 政治分野における男女共同参画推進法 / 郵送調査 / ジェンダー・ギャップ
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research identified barriers to women's participation in politics through a survey of Diet members, local political party organizations, and voters. We found that the ideal candidate image is masculinized in the nomination process, and that the expectation of facetime, especially in Japan, is a barrier for women with time constraints. In addition,men are more likely to be exempt from caregiving responsibilities in Japan than in Korea or Taiwa. As for anti-harassment measures, there is an urgent need to establish an effective consultation system.
Quotas are a means of increasing the number of women Diet members, but we also found that voter support would increase if it became known that quotas have been introduced in many countries and that quotas do not increase the number of incompetent representatives.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

日本では女性議員が少なく、その構造的要因を解明し、どのような措置を講じるべきかに関する社会的関心も高い。本研究はそのような社会的要請に応えるものである。女性候補者のケア負担を軽減するような措置、対面交流以外で候補者情報を伝える必要性、クオータがどの程度普及しまた効果をもたらしているかの知識伝達、信頼できるハラスメント相談体制等が必要であることが本学術研究から見出された。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (49 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (7 results) Journal Article (18 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (16 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Invited: 1 results) Book (4 results) Funded Workshop (4 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Korea Women's Political Solidarity(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] エジンバラ大学(英国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 台湾国立大学、台湾政治大学(その他の国・地域)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 西江大学(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 台湾国立大学/政治大学(その他の国・地域)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 西江大学(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 台湾国立大学/台湾政治大学(その他の国・地域 台湾)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 子育て中の女性候補者が直面する選挙運動の壁2023

    • Author(s)
      申琪榮・濱田真里
    • Journal Title

      都市問題

      Volume: 114 Pages: 12-21

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 第20回統一地方選挙を迎えて2023

    • Author(s)
      申琪榮
    • Journal Title

      IJS Japan Review

      Volume: 7 Pages: 1-8

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 多様な議員で構成される地方議会へ2023

    • Author(s)
      大山礼子
    • Journal Title

      都市問題

      Volume: 114 Pages: 4-11

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 地方議会のハラスメント防止体制2023

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり・内藤忍
    • Journal Title

      都市問題

      Volume: 114 Pages: 30-37

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 半分の成功──韓国のクオータ制からの示唆2023

    • Author(s)
      申 琪榮
    • Journal Title

      学術の動向

      Volume: 323 Pages: 48-52

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] ジェンダーに配慮した議会に向けたIPU自己点検の意義と日本の取り組み2023

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      学術の動向

      Volume: 323 Pages: 57-61

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Explaining Public Support for Gender Quotas: Sexism, Representational Quality, and State Intervention in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Miura Mari、McElwain Kenneth Mori、Kaneko Tomoki
    • Journal Title

      Politics and Gender

      Volume: - Issue: 3 Pages: 1-25

    • DOI

      10.1017/s1743923x22000617

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 政治分野におけるハラスメント防止体制をどう構築するか2022

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      ジェンダー法研究

      Volume: 9 Pages: 79-94

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] クオータの取扱説明書(トリセツ) : なぜ候補者を女性に割り当てるのか2021

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      世界

      Volume: 946 Pages: 172-178

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] クオータの支持傾向に関する調査報告2021

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり、ケネス・盛・マッケルウェイン、金子智樹
    • Journal Title

      世界

      Volume: 946 Pages: 179-181

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 政治家というキャリア : 議員職のジェンダー分析2020

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      日本労働研究雑誌

      Volume: 62-9 Pages: 89-97

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] “An Alternative Form of Women’s Political Representation: Netto, A Women’s Party in Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Ki-young Shin
    • Journal Title

      Politics & Gender

      Volume: 16 Pages: 78-98

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 候補者均等法の効果と課題~持続的効果に向けて~2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      VOTERS

      Volume: 52 Pages: 7-10

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 政治分野における男女共同参画の動向と課題~人材育成への展望2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      NWEC実践研究

      Volume: 10 Pages: 6-25

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 政治分野における男女共同参画推進法の意義と課題~法規範の定着に向けて~2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      憲法研究

      Volume: 5 Pages: 139-149

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 政治分野における男女共同参画法施行後1年~統一自治体選挙から見えてきた課題~2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      自治研

      Volume: 61 Pages: 10-15

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 「政治分野における男女共同参画推進法」成立の意味 : 議会の男女均等に向けて新たなステージへ2018

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      世界

      Volume: 910 Pages: 126-132

    • NAID

      40021557770

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] アクターの連携が生んだ「市民立法」 候補者男女均等法への歩みとこの先2018

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Journal Title

      Journalism

      Volume: 339 Pages: 20-28

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] How Global Standards Influence Public Support for Gender Quotas: An Experimental Analysis2023

    • Author(s)
      Kenneth Mori McElwain, Tomoki Kaneko, Mari Miura
    • Organizer
      Building an Inclusive Society in Japan” Manuscript Workshop, Indiana University
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 若手女性政治リーダー養成の試みーパリテ・アカデミーの5年間の実績から見えてきたもの2022

    • Author(s)
      申琪榮
    • Organizer
      日本地方政治学会・日本地域政治学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Public Support for Gender Quotas: Experimental Analysis of the Impact of Quota Information2021

    • Author(s)
      Mari Miura, Kenneth Mori McElwain, Tomoki Kaneko
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会 ジェンダーと政治研究会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Beyond the gender gap in Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Gregory Noble
    • Organizer
      University of Tokyo EMP (executive management program)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The Impact of the Gender Parity Law in Japan: Survey Results of Japanese Diet Members2019

    • Author(s)
      Mari Miura and Ki-young Shin
    • Organizer
      Asian Election Studies International Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Overcoming the hurdles?: Barriers to Women Running for Office in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan2019

    • Author(s)
      Mari Miura, Wan-Ying Yang, and Soo Hyun Kwon
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Politics and Gender
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Who Opposes Quota and Why?: Survey Analysis of Korean and Taiwanese National Legislators2019

    • Author(s)
      Ki-young Shin and Chang-ling Hwan
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Politics and Gende
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 政治分野における男女共同参画推進法が切り拓く未来2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Organizer
      日本学術会議シンポジウム『男女がともにつくる民主政治を展望するーー政治分野における男女共同参画を推進する法律の意義
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 地方議会をどう変える?―女性の進出を阻む壁を乗り越えるために―2019

    • Author(s)
      大山礼子
    • Organizer
      日本学術会議シンポジウム『男女がともにつくる民主政治を展望するーー政治分野における男女共同参画を推進する法律の意義
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 「政治リーダー養成の試みーパリテ・アカデミーの実践が示唆すること」2019

    • Author(s)
      申琪榮
    • Organizer
      日本学術会議シンポジウム『男女がともにつくる民主政治を展望するーー政治分野における男女共同参画を推進する法律の意義
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Divergent levels of women’s representation in East Asian MMM Systems: Taiwan, Korea and Japan in Comparative Perspective2019

    • Author(s)
      Jackie F. Steele, Jinock Lee, and Chang-ling Huang
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Politics and Gende
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 政治分野における男女共同参画をどう進めるか~基本法と推進法の関係から読み解く~2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Organizer
      ジェンダー法学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 男女共同参画社会基本法から政治分野における男女共同参画推進法へ~継承と発展2019

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Organizer
      名古屋大学シンポジウム『男女共同参画社会基本法とジェンダー平等:施行から20年を振り返る』
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 政治リーダー養成の試みーパリテ・アカデミーの実践が示唆するこ2019

    • Author(s)
      申琪榮
    • Organizer
      名古屋大学シンポジウム『男女共同参画社会基本法とジェンダー平等:施行から20年を振り返る』
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Gender and Constitutional Revision in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenneth McElwain
    • Organizer
      European Conference on Politics and Gender
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Constituency Facetime’ Reproduce Male Dominance? Insights From Japan's Mixed-Member Majoritarian Electoral System2018

    • Author(s)
      Mira, Mari, Ki-young Shin, and Jackie F. Steele
    • Organizer
      IPSA (世界政治学会)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] さらば、男性政治2023

    • Author(s)
      三浦まり
    • Total Pages
      279
    • Publisher
      岩波書店
    • ISBN
      9784004319559
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Japanese constitutional revisionism and civic activism2021

    • Author(s)
      Helen Hardacre, et al (eds)
    • Total Pages
      336
    • Publisher
      Lexington Books
    • ISBN
      9781793609045
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 女性の参画が政治を変える―候補者均等法の活かし方2020

    • Author(s)
      辻村みよ子、三浦まり、糠塚康江
    • Total Pages
      200
    • Publisher
      信山社
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 女性の参画が政治を変える2020

    • Author(s)
      辻村みよ子・三浦まり・糠塚康江編
    • Total Pages
      228
    • Publisher
      信山社
    • ISBN
      9784797286465
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] International Symposium: Gender and Political Representation in East Asia2023

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] 日本学術会議公開シンポジウム「ジェンダー視点に基づく議会改革」2023

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Online Public Lecture: Feminist Democratic Representation2020

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Growing Gender Gaps in East Asian Democracies: Paradoxes of Women’s Political Citizenship in Japan, Korea and Taiwan, Graduate School of Law, Nagoya University, December 16th, 20192019

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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