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Investigation on photonuclear reactions associated with electron acceleration in lightning and thunderclouds

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H01236
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 15020:Experimental studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics
Research InstitutionJapan Atomic Energy Agency

Principal Investigator

TSUCHIYA Harufumi  国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構, 原子力科学研究部門 原子力科学研究所 原子力基礎工学研究センター, 研究副主幹 (70415230)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 鳥居 建男  福島大学, 環境放射能研究所, 特任教授 (20421795)
中澤 知洋  名古屋大学, 素粒子宇宙起源研究所, 准教授 (50342621)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥8,580,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,980,000)
Keywords粒子加速 / ガンマ線計測 / 中性子計測 / 雷 / 雷雲 / 光核反応 / 放射線計測 / 即発ガンマ線 / 中性子
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Lightning and thunderclouds generate X rays by bremsstrahlung, similar to X-ray generators in the medical field. Recently, it has been found that in addition to the generation of X rays and gamma rays, high-energy bremsstrahlung photons from lightning collide with atomic nuclei, causing a photonuclear reaction in which neutrons are produced. In this study, we investigated the details of the gamma-ray flashes that cause photonuclear reactions. As a result, it was estimated that quintillion high-energy electrons contribute to the gamma-ray flash, and the produced neutrons spread over 1 km from the production point, with a decay time of about 50 milliseconds.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

雷の発生にあわせてガンマ線閃光が発生する。それゆえ、ガンマ線閃光の発生メカニズムを理解することは雷の発生メカニズムの解明にもつながると考えられている。本研究により、その発生に約100京個の電子が寄与していることが分かり、今後の雷の発生モデルの構築に資すると期待される。また、多くのガンマ線閃光が光核反応を起こすことも明らかになった。雷による光核反応の詳細を理解することは、炭素14年代測定や初期地球大気における元素生成などの研究にも影響を与える可能性もある。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (39 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Journal Article (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (25 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 11 results,  Invited: 2 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Meteorological Aspects of Gamma‐Ray Glows in Winter Thunderstorms2021

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Kubo M.、Nakazawa K.、Shinoda T.、Yonetoku D.、Sawano T.、Yuasa T.、Ushio T.、Sato Y.、Diniz G. S.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 48 Issue: 7 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020gl091910

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 1. Verification and Modeling of Reaction and Propagation Processes2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Odaka H.、Furuta Y.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 125 Issue: 20 Pages: 1-17

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020jd033193

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 2. Comparison Between Observation and Simulation Model2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Yuasa T.、Furuta Y.、Odaka H.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 125 Issue: 20 Pages: 1-15

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020jd033194

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Thundercloud Project: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning2020

    • Author(s)
      Yuasa Takayuki、Wada Yuuki、Enoto Teruaki、Furuta Yoshihiro、Tsuchiya Harufumi、Hisadomi Shohei、Tsuji Yuna、Okuda Kazufumi、Matsumoto Takahiro、Nakazawa Kazuhiro、Makishima Kazuo、Miyake Shoko、Ikkatai Yuko
    • Journal Title

      Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

      Volume: 2020 Issue: 10 Pages: 1-27

    • DOI

      10.1093/ptep/ptaa115

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Photoneutron detection in lightning by gadolinium orthosilicate scintillators2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Nakazawa K.、Enoto T.、Furuta Y.、Yuasa T.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review D

      Volume: 101 Issue: 10 Pages: 102007-102007

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevd.101.102007

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] High Peak‐Current Lightning Discharges Associated With Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakamura Y.、Morimoto T.、Sato M.、Ushio T.、Nakazawa K.、Yuasa T.、Yonetoku D.、Sawano T.、Kamogawa M.、Sakai H.、Furuta Y.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 125 Issue: 4

    • DOI

      10.1029/2019jd031730

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Gamma-ray glow preceding downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash2019

    • Author(s)
      Wada Yuuki、Enoto Teruaki、Nakamura Yoshitaka、Furuta Yoshihiro、Yuasa Takayuki、Nakazawa Kazuhiro、Morimoto Takeshi、Sato Mitsuteru、Matsumoto Takahiro、Yonetoku Daisuke、Sawano Tatsuya、Sakai Hideo、Kamogawa Masashi、Ushio Tomoo、Makishima Kazuo、Tsuchiya Harufumi
    • Journal Title

      Communications Physics

      Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Pages: 67-67

    • DOI

      10.1038/s42005-019-0168-y

    • NAID

      120006647300

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Gamma-ray observations at the coastal area of Japan Sea in winter seasons2019

    • Author(s)
      H. Tsuchiya,, T. Enoto, Y. Wada, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, D. Umemoto, K. Makishimai, and the GROWTH collaboration
    • Journal Title

      Proc. 2019 ICRC

      Volume: 1163 Pages: 1-6

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash Observed in a Winter Thunderstorm2019

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Furuta Y.、Yuasa T.、Nakamura Y.、Morimoto T.、Matsumoto T.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Letters

      Volume: 123 Issue: 6 Pages: 061103-061103

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevlett.123.061103

    • NAID

      120007185892

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 雷放電が拓く高エネルギー大気物理学2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚、和田有希、土屋晴文
    • Journal Title

      日本物理学会誌

      Volume: 74 Pages: 192-200

    • NAID

      130007703185

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Termination of Electron Acceleration in Thundercloud by Intracloud/Intercloud Discharge2018

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Bowers G. S.、Enoto T.、Kamogawa M.、Nakamura Y.、Morimoto T.、Smith D. M.、Furuta Y.、Nakazawa K.、Yuasa T.、Matsuki A.、Kubo M.、Tamagawa T.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 45 Issue: 11 Pages: 5700-5707

    • DOI

      10.1029/2018gl077784

    • NAID

      120006488573

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Multi-point Measurement Campaigns of Gamma Rays from Thunderclouds and Lightning in Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      Enoto T., Wada Y., Furuta Y., Nakazawa K., Yuasa T., Okuda K., Makishima K., Sato M., Sato Y., Nakano T., Umemoto D., Tsuchiya H., Kamogawa M., Bowers G., Smith D., Morimoto T., Nakamura Y., Daohong Wang
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of XVI International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity

      Volume: - Pages: 1-13

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロ ジェクト:2020年度における電子加速 域の高度測定の試み2021

    • Author(s)
      久富章平, 中澤知洋, 辻結菜, 伊神勇作, 小谷大貴, 榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 湯浅孝行, 古田禄大, 土屋晴文, 一方井祐子, 三宅晶子
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会第76回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷雲プロジェクト:シチズンサイエンスも活用した高エネルギー大気物理現象の観測網2020

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 久富章平, 辻結菜, 中澤知洋, 湯浅孝行, 一方井祐子, 三宅晶子, 土屋晴文
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会2020年秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト:モニタリングポストによる2014年12月に観測されたロングバーストの長距離追跡2020

    • Author(s)
      辻結菜, 中澤知洋, 久富章平, 榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 湯浅孝行, 古田禄大, 土屋晴文, 楳本大悟, 篠田太郎, 加藤雅也
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会2020年秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に関するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト: 2020年1月に近接して発生した複数のロングバーストの同時途絶の観測2020

    • Author(s)
      久富章平, 中澤知洋, 辻結菜, 榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 湯浅孝行, 土屋晴文, 篠田太郎, 一方井祐子, 三宅晶子
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会2020年秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Observations of energetic radiation due to thunderstorms at an altitude of 4300 m2020

    • Author(s)
      Tsuchiya H., Hibino K., Kawata K., Ohnishi M.
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト:2019年度の多地点観測の進展2020

    • Author(s)
      久富章平, 中澤知洋, 辻結菜, Alexia Fabiani, 榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 古田禄大, 土屋晴文, 湯浅孝行, 一方井祐子, 三宅晶子
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会第75回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト:ロングバーストの追跡と電子弁別機能の追加2020

    • Author(s)
      辻結菜, 中澤知洋, 久富章平, Alexia Fabiani, 榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 湯浅孝行, 古田禄大, 土屋晴文
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会第75回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト:地球ガンマ線フラッシュの地上観測と定量評価2020

    • Author(s)
      和田有希, 榎戸輝揚, 中澤知洋, 古田禄大, 湯浅孝行, 森本健志, 中村佳敬, 松元崇弘, 牧島一夫, 土屋晴文
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会第75回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Estimated Number of Avalanche Electrons in a Downward TGF during Winter Thunderstorms2019

    • Author(s)
      Wada, Y, Enoto T., Nakazawa K., Furuta Y., Yuasa T., Nakamura Y., Morimoto T., Matsumoto T., Makishima K., Tsuchiya H.
    • Organizer
      21st Eouropean Geophysical Union General Assembly
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Gamma-ray observations at the coastal area of Japan Sea in winter seasons2019

    • Author(s)
      H. Tsuchiya,, T. Enoto, Y. Wada, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, D. Umemoto, K. Makishimai, and the GROWTH collaboration
    • Organizer
      36th International Cosmic Ray Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Simultaneous detection of gamma-ray glow and downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash2019

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y, Enoto T., Nakamura Y., Furuta Y., Yuasa T., Nakazawa, K., Morimoto T., Sato M., Matsumoto T., Yonetoku D., Sawano T., Sakai H., Kamogawa M., Ushio T., Makishima K., Tsuchiya H.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト:ロングバーストの電子加速器の高度の観測2019

    • Author(s)
      中澤知洋, Fabiani Alexia, 和田有希, 榎戸輝揚, 古田禄大, 土屋晴文, 湯浅孝行, 牧島一夫
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会秋季大会(2019年)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷ガンマ線観測:2018年度における冬の柏崎でのコリメータ付きガンマ線検出器の観測結果と夏の東京スカイツリーでの観測の試み2019

    • Author(s)
      中澤 知洋、松元 崇弘、和田 有希、Fabiani Alexia、榎戸 輝揚、奥田 和史、古田 禄大、會澤 優輝、湯浅 孝行、土屋 晴文、佐藤 光輝、牧島 一夫
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 冬季雷における高エネルギー現象の観測プロジェクトの進展2019

    • Author(s)
      和田 有希、榎戸 輝揚、松元 崇弘、中澤 知洋、古田 禄大、湯浅 孝行、土屋 晴文、米徳 大輔、澤野 達哉、牧島 一夫、鴨川 仁、中村 佳敬、森本 健志、佐藤 光輝、酒井 英男、南戸 秀仁、牛尾 知雄
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 冬季の雷放電と同期した ガンマ線フラッシュの定量評価2019

    • Author(s)
      和田有希, 榎戸輝揚, 中澤知洋, 古田禄大, 湯浅孝行, 中村佳敬, 森本健志, 松元崇弘, 牧島一夫, 土屋晴文
    • Organizer
      日本原子力学会 2019年春の学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト: 多地点観測の進展と大気電場・電波との共同観測2019

    • Author(s)
      和田有希, 榎戸輝揚, 松元崇弘, 中澤知洋, 古田禄大, 湯浅孝行, 鴨川仁, G.S.Bowers, 中村佳敬, 森本健志, 玉川徹, 牧島一夫, 土屋晴文, 久保守, 松木篤, 米徳大輔, 澤野達哉, D.M.Smith
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 第74回 年次大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷活動に由来するガンマ線の観測プロジェクト: ロングバーストのフラックス較正とスペクトル系統解析2019

    • Author(s)
      松元崇弘, 和田有希, 古田禄大, 中澤知洋, 榎戸輝揚, 湯浅孝行, 土屋晴文, 牧島一夫, 小高裕和, 馬場彩, 米徳大輔, 澤野達哉
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 第74回 年次大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A gamma-ray glow terminated by leader development of an inter-cloud discharge in Japanese winter thunderstorm2018

    • Author(s)
      Y. Wada, G. Bowers, T. Enoto, M. Kamogawa, Y. Nakamura, T. Morimoto, D. Smith, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, T. Tamagawa, K. Makishima, H. Tsuchiya
    • Organizer
      European Geoscience Union General Assembly 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] T. Enoto, Y. Wada, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, K. Okuda, K. Makishima, M. Sato, Y. Sato, T. Nakano, D. Umemoto, H. Tsuchiya2018

    • Author(s)
      Ground-based high-energy radiation measurement of photonuclear reaction triggered by lightning discharge
    • Organizer
      European Geoscience Union General Assembly 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 2015 年 - 2017 年冬期の 金沢地域における雷雲ガンマ線データの解析2018

    • Author(s)
      松元崇弘, 和田有希 , 古田禄大 , 中澤知洋 , 榎戸輝揚 , 湯浅孝行 , 土屋晴文 , 牧島一夫 , 小高裕和 , 馬場彩, 米徳大輔 , 澤野達哉
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 2018秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] High-Energy Radiation Phenomena from Winter Thunderstorms and Lightning In Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      T. Enoto, Y. Wada, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, K. Makishima, M. Sato, Y. Sato, D. Umemoto, H. Tsuchiya, G. S Bowers, M. Kamogawa, Y. Nakamura, T. Morimoto, D. Smith
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union (AGU) fall meeting 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Lightning-Triggered Termination of a Gamma-ray Glow in a Japanese Winter Thunderstorm2018

    • Author(s)
      Y. Wada, G.S.Bowers, T.Enoto, M.Kamogawa, Y.Nakamura, T.Morimoto, D.M.Smith,Y.Furuta, K.Nakazawa, T.Yuasa, A.Matsuki, M.Kubo, T.Tamagawa, K. Makishima, H. Tsuchiya
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union (AGU) fall meeting 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Recent Updates from Mapping Observation of High-Energy Phenomena In Japanese Winter Thunderstorms2018

    • Author(s)
      Y. Wada, T. Enoto, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, T. Matsumoto, D. Umemoto, K. Makishima, H. Tsuchiya
    • Organizer
      TEPA2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Recent status of the GROWTH experiment -Gamma-ray observations at the coastal area of Japan Sea -2018

    • Author(s)
      H. Tsuchiya
    • Organizer
      23rd Workshops on Radiation Monitoring for the International Space Station
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Multipoint Measurement Campaigns of Gamma rays from Thundercloud and Lightning in Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      T. Enoto, Y. Wada, Y. Furuta, K. Nakazawa, T. Yuasa, K. Okuda, K. Makishima, M. Sato, Y. Sato, T. Nakano, D. Umemoto, H. Tsuchiya, M. Kamogawa, G. Bowers, D. Smith, T. Morimoto, Y. Nakamura
    • Organizer
      2018国際大気電気学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] パリティ2018

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚,中澤知洋
    • Total Pages
      4
    • Publisher
      丸善出版
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 雷雲に隠れた天然の加速器を雷が破壊する瞬間を捉えた

    • URL

      https://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/press/2018/5907/

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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