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Magma fragmentation mechanism inducing explosive volcanic eruptions and a predicition model for volcanic eruptions

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H01296
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17040:Solid earth sciences-related
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Okumura Satoshi  東北大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (40532213)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 小園 誠史  東北大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (40506747)
伊藤 正一  京都大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (60397023)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥12,350,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,850,000)
Keywords爆発的火山噴火 / マグマ破砕 / 減圧結晶化実験 / 噴火推移予測モデル / 脱ガス / 爆発的噴火
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The explosive volcanism is controlled by magma fragmentation during its ascent. The fragmentation of magma causes explosive eruptions by changing the flow type from viscous flow to a low-viscous gas flow with magma fragments. In order to clarify the mechanism of magma fragmentation, we analyzed pyroclastic materials, and performed decompression experiments. We also conducted numerical simulation based on a physical model for magma flow in a volcanic conduit. Finally, we could determine magma fragmentation mechanism, and then the relationship between magma fragmentation conditions and eruption transition was also discussed.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

爆発的火山噴火は,粉々に破砕されたマグマが地表へ放出されることで発生する。本研究では,実際の火山噴火と火山噴出物の組織を実験と計算機を用いて再現し,破砕メカニズムを明らかにした。本研究の結果,マグマ中の結晶量が十分な量になるとマグマが破砕するケースや,結晶が少なくとも破砕するケースがあることが分かった。このような多様な破砕メカニズムが爆発的火山噴火の推移に影響を与えている可能性も示された。今後,ここでは対象としなかった他の火山噴火についても検討を進めることで,本モデルの妥当性を検証していく必要がある。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (28 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (22 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Bayerisches Geoinstitut/University of Bayreuth(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Decompression experiments for sulfur-bearing hydrous rhyolite magma: Redox evolution during magma decompression2021

    • Author(s)
      Okumura Satoshi、Ishibashi Hidemi、Itoh Shoichi、Suzumura Akimasa、Furukawa Yoshihiro、Miwa Takahiro、Kagi Hiroyuki
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist

      Volume: 106 Issue: 2 Pages: 216-225

    • DOI

      10.2138/am-2020-7535

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The dynamics of dual-magma-chamber system during volcanic eruptions inferred from physical modeling2021

    • Author(s)
      Kozono Tomofumi
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space

      Volume: 73 Issue: 1 Pages: 103-103

    • DOI

      10.1186/s40623-021-01421-4

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] An experimental system for time-resolved x-ray diffraction of deforming silicate melt at high temperature2020

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, S., Uesugi, K., Sakamaki, T., Goto, A., Uesugi, M., Takeuchi, A.
    • Journal Title

      Review of Scientific Instruments

      Volume: 91 Issue: 9 Pages: 155-160

    • DOI

      10.1063/5.0009769

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Fragility and an extremely low shear modulus of high porosity silicic magma2020

    • Author(s)
      Namiki Atsuko、Tanaka Yukie、Okumura Satoshi、Sasaki Osamu、Sano Kyohei、Takeuchi Shingo
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

      Volume: 392 Pages: 106760-106760

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106760

    • NAID

      120007192318

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Caldera-forming eruptions of mushy magma modulated by feedbacks between ascent rate, gas retention/loss and bubble/crystal framework interaction2019

    • Author(s)
      Okumura Satoshi, L. de Silva Shanaka, Nakamura Michihiko, Sasaki Osamu
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-12

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-019-52272-9

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 減圧するマグマの酸化還元状態の変化:減圧実験からの制約2021

    • Author(s)
      奥村聡、石橋秀巳、伊藤正一、鈴村明政、古川善博、三輪学央、鍵裕之
    • Organizer
      JpGU2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] マグマ破砕条件に基づく火道内マグマ物性への制約 ―2011年霧島山新燃岳噴火への適用―2021

    • Author(s)
      小園誠史・奥村聡
    • Organizer
      2021年度日本火山学会秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 高温封圧下におけるマグマの透気試験2021

    • Author(s)
      奥村聡・並木敦子
    • Organizer
      2021年度日本火山学会秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 石基輝石の晶相に基づく桜島大正噴火のマグマ火道上昇履歴の制約2021

    • Author(s)
      奥村翔太・奥村聡・三宅亮
    • Organizer
      2021年度日本火山学会秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 玄武岩質マグマでの減圧結晶化実験の新手法2021

    • Author(s)
      松本一久・奥村聡・中谷貴之・鈴木敏弘・東宮昭彦・宮下明典・石橋秀巳
    • Organizer
      2021年度日本火山学会秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 火道上昇履歴に応じた石基輝石晶相変化の実験的検証2021

    • Author(s)
      奥村翔太・奥村聡・三宅亮
    • Organizer
      日本鉱物科学会2021年年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] マグマ破砕の可能性の尺度としてQが重要2020

    • Author(s)
      並木敦子、田中幸恵、奥村聡、佐々木理、佐野恭平、竹内 晋
    • Organizer
      JpGU2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Effects of equilibrium crystallization on conduit flow dynamics during the 1986 eruption at Izu-Oshima volcano2020

    • Author(s)
      小園誠史、石橋秀巳、奥村聡、三輪学
    • Organizer
      JpGU2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Effect of superheating on decompression-induced crystallization of hydrous rhyodacite magma: An experimental study2020

    • Author(s)
      松本一久、奥村聡、東宮昭彦
    • Organizer
      JpGU2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Gas bubble formation in crystal-rich magma and its roles on eruption dynamics2020

    • Author(s)
      Satoshi Okumura, Shanaka L de Silva, Michihiko Nakamura and Osamu Sasaki
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Petrological, experimental, and theoretical studies of the sub Plinian eruptions during the 2011 Shinmoedake (Kirishima Volcano, Japan) eruption2019

    • Author(s)
      Satoshi Okumura, Tomofumi Kozono, Hans Keppler, Akihiko Tomiya, and Masashi Ushioda
    • Organizer
      IUGG2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Decompression-induced crystallization of rhyolitic magma during the 838 eruption at Kozu Island, Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Takahiro Miwa, Satoshi Okumura, and Taketo Shimano
    • Organizer
      IUGG2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] マグマ断層帯における粘性流動-摩擦滑り遷移に対する結晶の効果2019

    • Author(s)
      田中竜太郎・奥村聡
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2019年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] マグマ中のメルトの蒸発凝縮作用におけるハロゲンの効果2019

    • Author(s)
      櫻井亮輔・中村美千彦・奥村聡
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2019年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Vapor transport in shallow intruded magmas: insights from diktytaxitic texture2019

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Sakurai, Michihiko Nakamura, Satoshi Okumura, Mayumi Mujin, Takayuki Nakatani
    • Organizer
      JpGU2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 霧島山新燃岳における2011, 2018年噴火間のマグマ蓄積条件の変化2019

    • Author(s)
      小園誠史・上田英樹・小澤 拓・小屋口剛博・山崎 雅
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2019年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Feedback between magma decompression rate and lubrication of crystal-rich silicic magmas controls eruption style2018

    • Author(s)
      Satoshi Okumura, Shanaka de Silva, Michihiko Nakamura, Osamu Sasaki
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合大会 2018年大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 気泡の不均質分布によるマグマ破砕の促進2018

    • Author(s)
      亀田正治、市原美恵、丸山祥吾、黒川紀章、青木ヤマト、奥村聡、上杉健太朗
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合大会 2018年大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Very shallow magma storage depths at Sakurajima Volcano revealed from melt inclusions and plagioclase-melt hygrometer2018

    • Author(s)
      新谷直己,中村美千彦,奥村聡,安田敦,味喜大介,井口正人,下司信夫
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合大会 2018年大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] マグマレオロジーと火山噴火ダイナミクスに関する実験的研究2018

    • Author(s)
      奥村聡
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2018年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] H2O-CO2二成分系揮発性成分を含む定圧マグマ混合での化学発泡2018

    • Author(s)
      中尾美紗子・中村美千彦・奥村聡
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2018年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Effects of conduit pressurization during eruption transition on crustal deformation2018

    • Author(s)
      T. Kozono and T. Koyaghuchi
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合大会 2018年大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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