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Determining sulfur isotope fractionation values of individual enzymes and how they evolve through time.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H01325
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17050:Biogeosciences-related
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

McGlynn Shawn  東京工業大学, 地球生命研究所, 准教授 (10751084)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 上野 雄一郎  東京工業大学, 理学院, 教授 (90422542)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,930,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Keywordsenzyme mechanism / enzyme evolution / kinetic isotope effect / sulfate reduction / geobiology / microbial evolution / Earth-Life Science / geochemistry / sulfur isotopes / metabolic flux / energy metabolism / Earth history / history of life / enzyme kinetics / sequence evolution / Enzyme mechanism / Sulfate reduction
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The oldest record of life on Earth is in the form of non-equilibrium isotope ratios, because biology uses isotopes in unique compared to equilibrium (abiotic) chemistry. One element which shows biological like isotope ratios deep in time is sulfur. In this research, we focused on which type of organisms may have been on the ancient Earth and left signals in sulfur isotope ratios. We found that the enzyme APS reductase (a biological catalyst which allows chemistry to occur more quickly than non-biological reactions) may be responsible for a substantial portion of the ancient sulfur ratios. Furthermore, we found that we could understand the nutritional state of ancient organisms, because the forward and reverse rates of the enzymatic reaction depends on the amount of energy available. Our work integrates biochemistry and life with knowledge of the ancient Earth.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

We found that the evolutionary history of sulfate respiration is complex, but probably not among the most ancient metabolisms on Earth. We determined that a single enzyme in the respiratory pathway appears to control the whole cell rate under certain conditions.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 8 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Ten years of collaborative progress in the Quest for Orthologs2021

    • Author(s)
      Linard Benjamin、Ebersberger Ingo、McGlynn Shawn E、Glover Natasha、Mochizuki Tomohiro、Patricio Mateus、Lecompte Odile、Nevers Yannis、Thomas Paul D、Gabaldon Toni、Sonnhammer Erik、Dessimoz Christophe、Uchiyama Ikuo、QFO Consortium
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Biology and Evolution

      Volume: - Issue: 8 Pages: 3033-3045

    • DOI

      10.1093/molbev/msab098

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A New Analysis of Archaea Bacteria Domain Separation: Variable Phylogenetic Distance and the Tempo of Early Evolution2020

    • Author(s)
      Berkemer Sarah J、McGlynn Shawn E
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Biology and Evolution

      Volume: 37 Issue: 8 Pages: 2332-2340

    • DOI

      10.1093/molbev/msaa089

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Hydrogenation reactions of carbon on Earth: Linking methane, margarine, and life2020

    • Author(s)
      McGlynn Shawn E.、Glass Jennifer B.、Johnson-Finn Kristin、Klein Frieder、Sanden Sebastian A.、Schrenk Matthew O.、Ueno Yuichiro、Vitale-Brovarone Alberto
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist

      Volume: 105 Issue: 5 Pages: 599-608

    • DOI

      10.2138/am-2020-6928ccbyncnd

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A Bifunctional Polyphosphate Kinase Driving the Regeneration of Nucleoside Triphosphate and Reconstituted Cell-Free Protein Synthesis2019

    • Author(s)
      Wang Po-Hsiang、Fujishima Kosuke、Berhanu Samuel、Kuruma Yutetsu、Jia Tony Z.、Khusnutdinova Anna N.、Yakunin Alexander F.、McGlynn Shawn E.
    • Journal Title

      ACS Synthetic Biology

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 36-42

    • DOI

      10.1021/acssynbio.9b00456

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Role of APS reductase in biogeochemical sulfur isotope fractionation2019

    • Author(s)
      Sim Min Sub、Ogata Hideaki、Lubitz Wolfgang、Adkins Jess F.、Sessions Alex L.、Orphan Victoria J.、McGlynn Shawn E.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-9

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-018-07878-4

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Revised kinetic parameters of the Aps reductase enzyme: effect on microbial sulfur isotope fractionation.2020

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      JPGU
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 火星および他の外惑星に関連した新しい生物学的メタン代謝2020

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      8th Life in the Universe workshop by Astrobiology Center, NINS
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] What role does metal availability play in evolution of life on the planet?2020

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      Gordon Research Conference Geobiology
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Linking Enzyme Evolution to the Rock Record with Stable Isotope Enabled Enzymology2019

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      Deep Carbon Observatory
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] New insights into microbial iron cycling at a marine ferrous carbonate hot spring2019

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      Marine Biotechnology Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Relating energy, isotopes, and cell physiology2019

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      JSME The conference of the Japanese Society of Microbiology
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Energy Controlled Distribution of Isotopes in Biocatalytic Systems: Case Study on Adenylyl-Sulfate Reductase2018

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      Helmholtz-Zentrum Umweltforschung
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Energy Controlled Distribution of Isotopes in Biocatalytic Systems: Case Study on APS Reductase.2018

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      Montana State University, Chemistry Department Seminar
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Energy Controlled Distribution of Isotopes in Biocatalytic Systems: Case Study on APS Reductase2018

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlynn
    • Organizer
      American Society of Microbiologists
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] Metal Ions in Life Sciences, Volume 212021

    • Author(s)
      Shawn McGlyn
    • Publisher
      De Gruyter
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] https://sites.google.com/elsi.jp/mcglynn/

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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