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Identification of neoantigens in hepatocellular carcinoma and development of immunotherapy using genetically modified T cells

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H02794
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
Research InstitutionKanazawa University

Principal Investigator

Mizukoshi Eishiro  金沢大学, 医学系, 准教授 (90345611)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥14,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥7,410,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,710,000)
Keywords肝細胞癌 / 遺伝子改変T細胞 / ネオアンチゲン / ペプチドワクチン / 免疫療法 / エピトープ / 1細胞解析 / T細胞レセプター / 細胞傷害性T細胞 / 免疫治療 / シングルセル解析 / 抗原エピトープ / ヒトテロメラーゼ逆転写酵素 / がん免疫療法 / T細胞レセプター / ペプチド / 遺伝子改変T細胞 / 腫瘍関連抗原 / 細胞傷害性T細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using cultured hepatocellular carcinoma cells, we identified CTL epitopes derived from neoantigen, AFP, hTERT, and MRP3, and obtained T cell receptor (TCR) genes that recognize these amino acid sequences. These were used to generate genetically modified T cells, and their cytotoxic activity was confirmed. Using patient specimens treated with peptide vaccines, we found that the novel induction of immune responses by the vaccines contributed to prolonged overall survival of the patients. These epitope-specific immune responses were detectable in the peripheral blood of patients even after 10 years of vaccine administration. We performed single-cell level transcriptome analysis including TCR repertoire information and identified molecules important for the long-term survival of antigen-specific CTLs.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ネオアンチゲンとは正常細胞にはなく、癌細胞に特異的に生じる遺伝子の変化に基づいた新しい癌の目印のことであり、免疫細胞の攻撃の標的となる。今回の研究では肝臓癌において、こうした目印が存在することを明らかにした。この目印を標的にして癌の治療を行う方法の1つとしてペプチドワクチンが想定されるが、本研究ではワクチンによって誘導されたリンパ球が、10年以上の長期にわたって体内に存在し、患者さんの予後に関係していること、そしてその長期生存に関わるメカニズムを明らかにした。これらの研究成果は、免疫を利用した新しい癌の治療方法の確立のために重要な知見をもたらすと考えられる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All 2020 2019

All Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results)

  • [Presentation] Long-term presence of tumor specific CD8 T cells over 10 years after peptide vaccination in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.2020

    • Author(s)
      Hidetoshi Nakagawa, Eishiro Mizukoshi, Shuichi Kaneko.
    • Organizer
      米国肝臓学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 肝癌幹細胞を標的とした遺伝子改変T細胞療法の開発2020

    • Author(s)
      水腰英四郎、玉井利克、金子周一
    • Organizer
      第106回日本消化器病学会総会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 肝細胞癌に対する遺伝子改変T細胞療法の開発2019

    • Author(s)
      水腰英四郎、玉井利克、金子周一
    • Organizer
      第105回日本消化器病学会総会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cytotoxic effects of alpha fetoprotein-specific T cell receptor engineered T cells against hepatocellular carcinoma2019

    • Author(s)
      Eishiro Mizukoshi, Hidetoshi Nakagawa, Tatsuya Yamashita, et al.
    • Organizer
      第70回米国肝臓学会議(2019 AASLD)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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