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Stylistic analysis of Buddhist sculptures by using Artificial Intelligence and 3D measurement data with a special focus on facial expressions

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H03571
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 1:Philosophy, art, and related fields
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

Fujioka Yutaka  大阪大学, 大学院人文学研究科(人文学専攻、芸術学専攻、日本学専攻), 教授 (70314341)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 長原 一  大阪大学, データビリティフロンティア機構, 教授 (80362648)
中島 悠太  大阪大学, データビリティフロンティア機構, 准教授 (70633551)
大石 岳史  東京大学, 生産技術研究所, 准教授 (80569509)
山田 修  東京藝術大学, 大学院美術研究科, 講師 (30571723)
肥田 路美  早稲田大学, 文学学術院, 教授 (00318718)
濱田 瑞美  横浜美術大学, 美術学部, 准教授 (30367148)
皿井 舞  学習院大学, 文学部, 教授 (80392546)
浅見 龍介  独立行政法人国立文化財機構東京国立博物館, 学芸企画部, 部長 (30270416)
鳥越 俊行  独立行政法人国立文化財機構東京国立博物館, 学芸研究部, 室長 (80416560)
岩田 茂樹  独立行政法人国立文化財機構奈良国立博物館, その他部局等, 研究員 (20321622)
山口 隆介  独立行政法人国立文化財機構奈良国立博物館, その他部局等, 主任研究員 (10623556)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥36,660,000 (Direct Cost: ¥28,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥8,460,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥7,930,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,830,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥10,010,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,310,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥10,010,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,310,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥8,710,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,010,000)
Keywords仏像 / 仏顔 / AI / 顔認識 / 3次元計測 / 半教師あり学習 / 知識グラフ / 制作年推定 / 様式 / 人工知能 / ディープラーニング / マルチビューランドマーク / シルクロード / 3D画像 / 薬師寺 / 画像マイニング / 顔認証システム / 初唐彫刻
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we attempted to use AI and face recognition models to determine the style of Buddhist images. In addition, we aimed to analyze Buddhist faces using 3D images in order to resolve distortions in 2D images.
First, a neural network was constructed using a face recognition model based on approximately 17,000 Buddhist face images managed by the principal investigator. A prototype Buddhist face retrieval system was also built using some of these images.As for the 3D images, acquisition was difficult due to COVID-19, and it was confirmed that the existing 3D model was not versatile enough to convert 2D Buddhist face images into 3D.On the other hand, using previously published 2D images, we created a data set centered on reference examples from Japan and China, and expressed the age data with different notations as an establishment distribution, and constructed an age estimation model for Buddha faces with an average error of 34.3 years.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

仏像はインドないしガンダーラからアジア全域へと展開したが、その展開は信仰だけでなく政治や権力とも関わり、民族や風俗をも反映するものであった。したがって、その展開の歴史の解明には大きな意味がある。本研究で行った仏顔のAIや顔認識モデルによる解析は、これまでの研究では恣意性や主観が介在しがちであった仏像の様式判定に客観性を与えるもので、ひいてはその変遷の解明に役立つことが期待される。
また、本研究は仏像史の研究者とAIやコンピュータービジョンの研究者の協同によって進めるものであり、AIの開発や3次元画像の解析についても新しい視点をもたらし、理想的な文理融合的研究となった。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (47 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (13 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results) Presentation (22 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 13 results,  Invited: 3 results) Book (9 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] 韓国国立中央博物館(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 韓国国立中央博物館(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 永観堂禅林寺本尊「みかえり阿弥陀」瞥見2021

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      國華

      Volume: 1511 Pages: 31-42

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 古代金銅仏の制作技法2021

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      季刊考古学

      Volume: 別冊 Pages: 73-80

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 様式・技法・金属組成からみた興福寺と薬師寺の古代金銅仏―薬師寺金堂本尊像の移坐・非移坐問題への一視点―2020

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      待兼山論叢

      Volume: 54芸術篇 Pages: 1-36

    • NAID

      40022528351

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] クリーブランド美術館の木造伎楽面ーその作者ならびに銘記をめぐってー2020

    • Author(s)
      岩田茂樹
    • Journal Title

      MUSEUM

      Volume: 684 Pages: 7-20

    • NAID

      40022308884

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 古代寺院の仏像2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      シリーズ古代史をひらく 古代寺院

      Volume: 1 Pages: 135-194

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] コラム 園城寺金銅仏の基礎的研究―蛍光X線分析を踏まえて―2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      園城寺の仏像 第4巻 鎌倉彫刻篇

      Volume: 1 Pages: 176-177

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 東大寺法華堂伝来の天平期諸像に関する一考察2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      古代寺院史の研究

      Volume: 1 Pages: 217-238

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 杭州烟霞洞と飛来峰の羅漢像について2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      徹底討論 大徳寺伝来五百羅漢図の作品誌―地域社会からグローバル世界へ―

      Volume: 1 Pages: 461-488

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 大型多尊磚仏と法隆寺金堂壁画2019

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美
    • Journal Title

      古代文学と隣接諸学 古代寺院の芸術世界

      Volume: 1 Pages: 386-413

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 古代寺院はなぜ「芸術世界」か2019

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美
    • Journal Title

      古代文学と隣接諸学 古代寺院の芸術世界

      Volume: 1 Pages: 7-16

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 初唐期における長安造像の復元的考察2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Journal Title

      アジア仏教美術論集 東アジアⅡ 隋・唐

      Volume: 1 Pages: 65-105

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 弥勒仏の信仰と倚坐形如来像―五世紀から則天武后期以前まで―2018

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美
    • Journal Title

      平成26年度~29年度科学研究費補助金基盤研究(B)報告書 中央アジア仏教美術の研究―釈迦・弥勒・阿弥陀信仰の美術の生成を中心に―

      Volume: 1 Pages: 47-63

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 杜甫の見た龍門石窟2018

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美
    • Journal Title

      アジア遊学220 杜甫と玄宗皇帝の時代

      Volume: 1 Pages: 59-78

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 葛井寺千手観音の姿・技法と造立年代2022

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Organizer
      ふじいでらカルチャーフォーラム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Built Year Prediction from Buddha Face with Heterogeneous Labels2021

    • Author(s)
      Yiming Qian, Cheikh Brahim El Vaigh, Yuta Nakashima, Benjamin Renoust, Hajime Nagahara, Yutaka Fujioka
    • Organizer
      Proc. Workshop on Structuring and Understanding of Multimedia Heritage Contents
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] GCNBoost: Artwork Classification by Label Propagation through a Knowledge Graph”,Proc. International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval2021

    • Author(s)
      Cheikh Brahim El Vaigh,Noa Garcia,Benjamin Renoust,Chenhui Chu,Yuta Nakashima,Hajime Nagahara
    • Organizer
      Proc. International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] GCNBoost: Artwork Classificationby Label Propagation through a Knowledge Graph2021

    • Author(s)
      Cheikh Brahim El Vaig,Noa Garcia,Benjamin Renoust,Chenhui Chu,Yuta Nakashima,Hajime Nagahara
    • Organizer
      ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Historical and Modern Features for Buddha Statue Classification2019

    • Author(s)
      Benjamin Renoust, Matheus Oliveira Franca, Jacob Chan, Noa Garcia, Van Le, Ayaka Uesaka, Yuta Nakashima, Hajime Nagahara, Jueren Wang, and Yutaka Fujioka
    • Organizer
      SUMAC (ACMMM) 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] BUDA.ART: A Multimodal Content-Based Analysis and Retrieval System for Buddha Statues2019

    • Author(s)
      Benjamin Renoust, Matheus Oliveira Franca, Jacob Chan, Van Le, Ayaka Uesaka, Yuta Nakashima, Hajime Nagahara, Jueren Wang, and Yutaka Fujioka
    • Organizer
      ACM MultiMedia (ACMMM) 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Buddha Statues Archive Retrieval System2019

    • Author(s)
      Benjamin Renoust, Matheus Oliveira Franca, Jacob Chan, Van Le, Ayaka Uesaka, Yuta Nakashima, Hajime Nagahara, Jueren Wang, and Yutaka Fujioka
    • Organizer
      MIRU 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 大仏様の履歴書2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Organizer
      飛鳥寺花会式講演会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 平城京東山の古代仏教彫刻2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Organizer
      国際シンポジウム「金城の南山と平城京の東山―王都周辺の山林寺院の日韓比較―
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 技法・金属組成・様式からみた薬師寺像と興福寺(旧山田寺)像2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Organizer
      平城薬師寺をめぐるシンポジウム―「伽藍を移す」ことの意味を考える―
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 美術史とAI-仏像の顔の様式分析をめざして-2019

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Organizer
      日本学術会議公開シンポジウム「科学的知見の創出に資する可視化(3):新しい文理融合研究を創出する可視化
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 奈良県内の仏像におけるデジタル写真測量の実践と評価2019

    • Author(s)
      山田修,鏡山智子,神田雅章
    • Organizer
      文化財保存修復学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cyber-Archaeology: 3D Scanning and Visualization of Historical Sites through Mobility Systems2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Oishi
    • Organizer
      Japan-Korea Workshop on Next Generation Robotics
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 特別展「快慶」に伴うX線CTによる快慶作品の新知見2019

    • Author(s)
      鳥越俊行,岩田茂樹,岩井共二,山口隆介,安藤真理子
    • Organizer
      文化財保存修復学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 南斉武帝の瑞石像と吉野寺放光瑞像2019

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美
    • Organizer
      中日古典学工作坊 第二届学術研討会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Faces in an Archive of Buddhism Pictures2019

    • Author(s)
      Benjamin Renoust, Ayaka Uesaka, Yuta Nakashima, Hajime Nagahara, and Yutaka Fujioka
    • Organizer
      CH119
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Automatic Modeling using Reinforcement Learning Based on Action Rules by Measurement Records2019

    • Author(s)
      Yoshihiro Sato, Ryutaro Suda, Takeshi Oishi
    • Organizer
      The 13th International Workshop on Robust Computer Vision
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Cyber Archaeology and Robotics2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Oishi
    • Organizer
      Korea Japan Workshop on Next Generation Robotics
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Fifty thousand Buddha Faces: a Big Data take on an Art History project2018

    • Author(s)
      Benjamin Renoust
    • Organizer
      Handai-IDS JFLI workshop on media and graphics
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Exploration and Mining of 50,000 Buddha Pictures2018

    • Author(s)
      Benjamin Renoust, Ayaka Uesaka, Yuta Nakashima, Hajime Nagahara, and Yutaka Fujioka
    • Organizer
      MIRU 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 日本における三国時代金銅仏の新発見2018

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Organizer
      The Academia Koreana International Conference,Reconsidering Korean Art: Identity and Aesthetics
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 唐代高僧的理想世界―道宣《集神州三宝感通録》分析2018

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美
    • Organizer
      中央研究院歴史語言研究所主題講座
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] 東アジア仏像史論2021

    • Author(s)
      藤岡 穣
    • Total Pages
      770
    • Publisher
      中央公論美術出版
    • ISBN
      9784805508930
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 新編八尾市史 美術工芸編2021

    • Author(s)
      藤岡 穣
    • Total Pages
      444
    • Publisher
      八尾市
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 聖徳太子千四百年御聖忌記念出版 聖徳太子と四天王寺2021

    • Author(s)
      和宗総本山 四天王寺、石川 知彦、藤岡 穣
    • Total Pages
      304
    • Publisher
      法藏館
    • ISBN
      9784831860705
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Defining Shugend: Critical Studies on Japanese Mountain Religion2020

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Total Pages
      287
    • Publisher
      Bloomsbury Academic
    • ISBN
      9781350179394
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] アジア仏教美術論集東アジアⅣ(南宋・大理・金)2020

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣
    • Total Pages
      686
    • Publisher
      中央公論美術出版
    • ISBN
      9784805511336
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] もっと知りたい薬師寺の歴史2020

    • Author(s)
      藤岡穣,安永拓世,金子隆之
    • Total Pages
      80
    • Publisher
      東京美術
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 教養の日本美術史2019

    • Author(s)
      古田亮,藤岡穣ほか
    • Total Pages
      419
    • Publisher
      ミネルヴァ書房
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 古代文学と隣接諸学6 古代寺院の芸術世界2019

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美(編著)
    • Total Pages
      581
    • Publisher
      竹林舎
    • ISBN
      9784902084764
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] アジア仏教美術論集 東アジアⅡ隋・唐2019

    • Author(s)
      肥田路美ほか
    • Total Pages
      626
    • Publisher
      中央公論美術出版
    • ISBN
      9784805511312
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] ゆたかな仏像

    • URL

      http://yutaka-na-butsuzo.jp/

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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