Presence and chirality of sugars formed in the early solar system: a new origin of biomolecule
| Project/Area Number |
18H03728
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 17:Earth and planetary science and related fields
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
大河内 直彦 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 海洋機能利用部門, 部門長 (00281832)
力石 嘉人 北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 教授 (50455490)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥46,410,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,710,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥38,740,000 (Direct Cost: ¥29,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥8,940,000)
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| Keywords | 糖 / リボース / 隕石 / アミノ酸 / 生命の起源 / 小惑星 / 初期太陽系 / 地球外 / 有機物 / 光学異性体 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Sugars are important constituents of life, but have never found in extraterrestrial samples and space. In this research we found extraterrestrial ribose and related sugars from meteorites and published the paper in PNAS. With laboratory experiments, the synthetic reaction of sugars was found to be formose-type reaction and this reaction was found to be a major synthetic reaction of meteorite organic compounds that provided large carbon isotope differences between amino acids and insoluble organic matter.
We also succeeded in developing the protocol of chiral analysis of the sugars and investigated the chirality of meteorite sugars.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
生命を構成する糖は、これまでに地球外や地球外物質からは見つかっていなかった。本研究で隕石から地球外のリボースを発見したことは、生命の材料となる糖が、生命誕生前の地球に、地球外からもたらされていたことを示す証拠となった。また、隕石に含まれる糖の生成反応であるホルモース型反応が隕石有機物の主要生成反応であったことを、模擬実験で生成したアミノ酸と不溶性有機物の炭素同位体比分析から明らかにした。
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(15 results)
