| Budget Amount *help |
¥43,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥33,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥9,880,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,280,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥12,220,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,820,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥11,960,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,760,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥9,880,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,280,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
DNA encapsulation in norovirus VLPs was successfully achieved by modifying foreign DNA onto gold nanoparticles in advance. Laboratory-scale experiments with the VLPs revealed that the removal of norovirus was comparable to that of PMMoV. Surveys at full-scale drinking water treatment plants showed that the removal of PMMoV during coagulation, sedimentation, and sand filtration processes was 0.9-2.7 logs, suggesting that the removal of native norovirus at the full-scale plants is expected to be 0.9-2.7 logs.
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