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Causes and Effects of Bereaavement in an Aged Society: Survey of Japan in International Comparison

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H04075
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 58:Society medicine, nursing, and related fields
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Becker Carl B.  京都大学, 政策のための科学ユニット, 研究員 (60243078)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 今中 雄一  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (10256919)
谷山 洋三  東北大学, 文学研究科, 准教授 (10368376)
山本 佳世子  天理医療大学, 医療学部, 講師 (10625445)
近藤 恵 (有田恵)  大阪医科薬科大学, 中山国際医学医療交流センター, 講師 (40467402)
廣井 良典  京都大学, こころの未来研究センター, 教授 (80282440)
山田 慎也  国立歴史民俗博物館, 大学共同利用機関等の部局等, 教授 (90311133)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥23,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,490,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥7,280,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,680,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥8,710,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,010,000)
Keywords遺族 / 医療費 / 生産性 / 薬剤 / ケア / カウンセリング / 葬儀 / 僧侶 / 死生観 / 悲嘆 / 高齢社会 / 死別 / 医療 / 国際比較 / 国際 / 医療委 / 死別悲嘆 / 保健福祉
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Our research demonstrated that more than 10% of Japanese will have increased medical and social work expenses after a family member dies. Since ALL Japanese will be bereaved by some loved one within the next decade, this will cost Japan billions of yen for additional medical care. People surprised by or impoverished by the death of their loved one tend to show the greatest ongoing grief leading to medical problems. This suggests that doctors should well explain the likelihood of patients’ death to their families in advance, and that social workers should help families to plan economically for life without their bread-winners.
Moreover, people who hold small funerals or direct cremations are more likely to show psychological and physical problems in the following years. Conversely, if priests and funeral directors are properly trained in counseling, they may save significant national medical expenses by reducing the grief of recently bereaved families.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

患者の家族は、覚悟ができて居らず、死なれる事でショックと悲嘆を覚える。医療従事者は家族に対して、楽観せずに患者の死について語り合う必要がある。死別によって収入が激減する場合、ソーシャルワーカーが事前に家計簿的な計画を話し合う必要も生じる。なお、直葬や「小さな葬式」よりも、多くの親戚や知り合いが集まる葬式の方が、後々までサポートに繋がる。葬儀への不満に応じ、身体的な悲しみの症状、薬剤費の増加、医療の利用の増加が見られたので医療福祉の依存を避けるためにも、カウンセリングのできる葬儀社の必要性も証明された。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (47 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (22 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results,  Peer Reviewed: 22 results,  Open Access: 8 results) Presentation (18 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results,  Invited: 13 results) Book (4 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Bath University/Hull University(英国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Bath University/York University/Newcastle University(英国)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Changing funerals and their effects on bereavement grief in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Megumi Kondo-Arita & Carl Becker
    • Journal Title

      OMEGA: Journal of Death and Dying

      Volume: - Pages: 1-13

    • DOI

      10.1177/00302228231158914

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Identifying bereaved grievers with greatest medical or social service needs in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker Carl、Taniyama Yozo、Kondo-Arita Megumi、Sasaki Noriko、Yamada Shinya、Yamamoto Kayoko
    • Journal Title

      Family Medicine and Community Health

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-9

    • DOI

      10.1136/fmch-2021-001260

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Mourners’ Dissatisfaction with Funerals May Influence Their Subsequent Medical/Welfare Expenses?A Nationwide Survey in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker Carl B.、Taniyama Yozo、Sasaki Noriko、Kondo-Arita Megumi、Yamada Shinya、Yamamoto Kayoko
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

      Volume: 19 Issue: 1 Pages: 486-486

    • DOI

      10.3390/ijerph19010486

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] How funerals mediate the psycho-social impact of grief: Qualitative analysis of open-ended responses to a national survey in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker C.B.、Taniyama Y.、Kondo-Arita M.、Sasaki N.、Yamada S.、Yamamoto K.
    • Journal Title

      SSM - Mental Health

      Volume: 2 Pages: 100169-100169

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100169

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Ten years after?A follow-up survey on continuing daily symptoms of grief and medical costs in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker C.B.、Taniyama Y.、Kondo-Arita M.、Sasaki N.、Yamada S.、Yamamoto K.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

      Volume: 10 Pages: 100443-100443

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100443

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Evaluations of Funerals and Health Trajectories in the Second Year After Bereavement?The Ongoing Japan National Survey2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker Carl B.、Taniyama Yozo、Sasaki Noriko、Kondo-Arita Megumi、Yamada Shinya、Yamamoto Kayoko
    • Journal Title

      OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying

      Volume: 0 Issue: 3 Pages: 0-0

    • DOI

      10.1177/00302228221121494

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Utilizing the spirituality of funeral rituals for post-pandemic grief recovery.2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker, CB
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Psychology

      Volume: 13 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1040482

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] お経を聴くことの効果とその可能性2020

    • Author(s)
      得丸定子、谷山洋三、奥井一幾、今井洋介、森田敬史、郷堀ヨゼフ、カール・ベッカー、高橋原、鈴木岩弓
    • Journal Title

      智山ジャーナル

      Volume: 91号 Pages: 14-22

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 宗教者による非信者への宗教的ケアについて~天理よろづ相談所病院事情部講師の活動に関する調査より2020

    • Author(s)
      山本佳世子
    • Journal Title

      天理医療大学紀要

      Volume: 8 Pages: 1-10

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Listening to Sutra-Chanting Reduces Bereavement Stress in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Taniyama Yozo、Becker Carl、Takahashi Hara、Tokumaru Sadako、Suzuki Iwayumi、Okui Kazuki、Gohori Josef、Imai Yosuke、Morita Takafumi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy

      Volume: 20 Issue: 2 Pages: 1-13

    • DOI

      10.1080/08854726.2019.1653637

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 公共空間における宗教的資源の活用2019

    • Author(s)
      谷山洋三
    • Journal Title

      佛教文化学紀要

      Volume: 27号 Pages: 30-42

    • NAID

      130007776927

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 看護に活かせる日本人の死生観2019

    • Author(s)
      カール・ベッカー
    • Journal Title

      仏教看護・ビハーラ

      Volume: 14号 Pages: 16-28

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] お寺離れ時代における僧侶の役割2019

    • Author(s)
      カール・ベッカー
    • Journal Title

      輪宝

      Volume: 35号 Pages: 35-42

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 病院における宗教者による信仰を異にする患者への「心のケア」のあり方に関する考察2019

    • Author(s)
      山本佳世子
    • Journal Title

      臨床死生学

      Volume: 24 Pages: 59-67

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 事件・事故現場の周辺地域における「非当事者」のスピリチュアルペインとそのケア2019

    • Author(s)
      山本佳世子, 中平了悟
    • Journal Title

      スピリチュアルケア研究

      Volume: 3 Pages: 73-87

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 成熟した人口減少社会における病院―患者関係2019

    • Author(s)
      広井良典
    • Journal Title

      病院

      Volume: 78 Pages: 802-806

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 変容する死の文化と民俗学研究2019

    • Author(s)
      山田慎也
    • Journal Title

      日本民俗学会日本民俗学

      Volume: 300 Pages: 66-82

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 高齢化社会における葬儀の変容と共同性の探究2019

    • Author(s)
      山田慎也
    • Journal Title

      生活協同組合研究

      Volume: 517 Pages: 303-316

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] What behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia affect caregiver burnout?2018

    • Author(s)
      Hiyoshi, K, Becker, C, Kinoshita A.
    • Journal Title

      Clinical Gerontologist.

      Volume: 41 Issue: 3 Pages: 239-254

    • DOI

      10.1080/07317115.2017.1398797

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Timing and facilitation of advanced directives in Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      Miki Ryusuke、Becker Carl B.、Ide Kazuki、Kawakami Koji
    • Journal Title

      Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

      Volume: 79 Pages: 83-87

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.archger.2018.08.003

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 医療・福祉職の死生観を深める教育とかかわり方2018

    • Author(s)
      山本佳世子
    • Journal Title

      老年看護

      Volume: 25 Pages: 75-82

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 院内学級、エンド・オブ・ライフケア、死のアウェアネス理論、死の受容2018

    • Author(s)
      近藤恵
    • Journal Title

      質的心理学辞典

      Volume: 1 Pages: 20-141

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 死別悲嘆に対するスピリチュアルケアと葬儀の効果2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker, Carl
    • Organizer
      日本スピリチュアルケア学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Empowering Asian Families by Embracing the Challenge of Elders’ Death2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker, Carl
    • Organizer
      CIFA Conference Singapore
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] How Bereavement Affects Medical and Social Service Use2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker, Carl
    • Organizer
      UK National Health Service, Scotland Conference
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Educating Medical Professionals, Social Workers, and Families to Improve Resilience from Severe Grief after Bereavement2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker, Carl
    • Organizer
      IICE/IAFOR Forum, Hawaii
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 全日本遺族調査でわかる葬儀の役割と影響力2022

    • Author(s)
      Becker, Carl
    • Organizer
      全日本葬祭業協同組合連合会@横浜
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Death is NOT the End2019

    • Author(s)
      Carl Becker
    • Organizer
      Association for Death Education and Counseling, Atlanta GA
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] What we can learn from Japan and Why2019

    • Author(s)
      Carl Becker
    • Organizer
      Students'Philosophy Assn. Kennesaw State University
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Death, Dying, Bereavement, and End of Life Care2019

    • Author(s)
      Carl Becker
    • Organizer
      Cruse Bereavement Care 60th Anniversary, Birmingham, UK
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Interfaith Chaplaincy Movement in Japan Precipitated by the Tsunami in 20112019

    • Author(s)
      Yozo Taniyama
    • Organizer
      International Symposium on Psychology for the 21st Century Life & Society, Chulalongkorn University
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 看取りから葬送へのコミュニティは形成されるのか?:無縁化への予防と自己決定をめぐる実践を通して2019

    • Author(s)
      山田慎也
    • Organizer
      日本文化人類学会第53回研究大会@東北大学
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 死別悲嘆と医療福祉負担2019

    • Author(s)
      近藤恵
    • Organizer
      日本心理学会第83回大会公募シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Interfaith Chaplaincy Movement Precipitated by the 3.11 Triple Disaster2018

    • Author(s)
      Yozo Taniyama
    • Organizer
      Department of Buddhist Chaplaincy, University of the West (Rosemead, California, USA
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 非信者に対する宗教的ケアのあり方を巡って2018

    • Author(s)
      山本佳世子
    • Organizer
      第11回日本スピリチュアルケア学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 葬送儀礼も含めた看取りにおける地域ケアの可能性2018

    • Author(s)
      山田慎也
    • Organizer
      日本保健医療社会学会44回大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 国内における死生観尺度の現状と今後の展望2018

    • Author(s)
      古賀佳樹・川島大輔・近藤恵
    • Organizer
      日本発達心理学会第29回大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Japanese Spiritual Practices Facing Elder Care & Bereavement2018

    • Author(s)
      カール・ベッカー
    • Organizer
      Association of Death Education and Counseling (Pittsburgh)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Dangers and Directions in the Future of World Logotherapy2018

    • Author(s)
      カール・ベッカー
    • Organizer
      4th International Logotherapy Conference (Moscow)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Supporting the bereaved around death2018

    • Author(s)
      カール・ベッカー
    • Organizer
      Duke Nursing Conference (Duke University Medical School、Singapore
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Book] 人口減少社会のデザイン2019

    • Author(s)
      広井 良典
    • Total Pages
      316
    • Publisher
      東洋経済新報社
    • ISBN
      4492396470
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 仏教と医療の協力関係2018

    • Author(s)
      カール・ベッカー
    • Total Pages
      96
    • Publisher
      自照社出版
    • ISBN
      9784865660500
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 人は人を救えないが、「癒やす」ことはできる2018

    • Author(s)
      谷山洋三
    • Total Pages
      198
    • Publisher
      河出書房新社
    • ISBN
      9784309027524
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 持続可能な医療2018

    • Author(s)
      広井良典
    • Total Pages
      250
    • Publisher
      筑摩書房
    • ISBN
      9784480071477
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] IICE/IAFOR Forum2021

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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