高齢者の柔軟性の制限因子の解明および効果的なストレッチング方法の確立

• Project/Area Number: 18J00400
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 国内
• Research Field: Sports science (A)
• Research Institution: Shibaura Institute of Technology
• Principal Investigator: 平田 浩祐 芝浦工業大学, 理工学研究科, 特別研究員(PD)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-25 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
• Keywords: 柔軟性 / 骨格筋 / 神経 / スティフネス / 高齢者 / 加齢 / 超音波剪断波エラストグラフィ / 硬さ / 関節可動域 / 筋 / ストレッチング

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

加齢に伴い身体機能が低下することは言うまでもないが，関節柔軟性についても同様である．関節柔軟性は身体運動を円滑に行うために欠かせない能力であり，高齢者のQOLを維持する上で重要である．また，関節柔軟性の低下は転倒リスクを高めることが報告されている．高齢者の転倒は寝たきりを招く大きな原因となり，寝たきりは高齢者自身のみならず，家族の負担ともなってしまう．このため，高齢者の関節柔軟性の規定因子を明らかにし，柔軟性向上の方策を立てることは，超高齢社会の日本において殊更重要である．
本研究により，若年者の関節可動域は骨格筋の硬さと関係があることが明らかとなった．一方で，高齢者の関節可動域は骨格筋の硬さとの関連が弱く，神経の硬さとの関連を有することが示された．すなわち，関節柔軟性の規定因子は年齢によって異なり，若年者は骨格筋が軟らかいほど，高齢者は神経が軟らかいほど関節柔軟性が高いことを示唆する結果である．
また，日頃よく用いられるストレッチング手法である「アキレス腱伸ばし」によって，若年者の関節可動域が向上し，骨格筋の硬さが低下することが明らかとなった．一方で，高齢者の関節可動域の向上および骨格筋の硬さの低下はわずかであった．さらに，神経の硬さは，若年者，高齢者ともに低下しなかった．すなわち，「アキレス腱伸ばし」は骨格筋を軟らかくすることで関節柔軟性を向上させる効果があるものの，骨格筋の硬さが柔軟性の主たる制限因子ではない高齢者に対しては効果的な柔軟性向上方法ではない可能性を示すものである．
以上の知見は，柔軟性の効果的な向上方法が年齢により異なる可能性を示すとともに，今後の柔軟性向上方法の開発に寄与するものである．

Research Progress Status

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Female Athletes Genetically Susceptible to Fatigue Fracture Are Resistant to Muscle Injury (2021)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto-Mikami E, Kumagai H, Tanisawa K, Taga Y, Hirata K, Kikuchi N, Kamiya N, Kawakami R, Midorikawa T, Kawamura T, Kakigi R, Natsume T, Zempo H, Suzuki K, Kohmura Y, Mizuno K, Torii S, Sakamoto S, Oka K, Higuchi M, Naito H, Miyamoto N, Fuku N
  • Journal Title: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Volume: Publish Ahead of Print Issue: 9 Pages: 0-0
  • DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002658
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Association between medial gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit architecture and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion with and without consideration of slack angle (2021)
  • Author(s): Hirata Kosuke、Kanehisa Hiroaki、Miyamoto Naokazu
  • Journal Title: PLOS ONE Volume: 16 Issue: 3 Pages: e0248125-e0248125
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248125
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Eight-week low-intensity squat training at slow speed simultaneously improves knee and hip flexion and extension strength (2020)
  • Author(s): Ryota Akagi, Shinya Sato, Naoya Hirata, Naoto Imaizumi, Hiroki Tanimoto, Ryosuke Ando, Ryoichi Ema, Kosuke Hirata
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Physiology Volume: 11 Pages: 893-893
  • DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00893
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Carbon dioxide hydrate as a recovery tool after fatigue of the plantar flexors (2020)
  • Author(s): Hirata Kosuke、Tanimoto Hiroki、Sato Shinya、Hirata Naoya、Imaizumi Naoto、Sugihara Yoshihiko、Murakami Hiroyuki、Akagi Ryota
  • Journal Title: Journal of Biomechanics Volume: 108 Pages: 109900-109900
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109900
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Non‐uniform distribution of passive muscle stiffness within hamstring (2020)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto Naokazu、Kimura Noriko、Hirata Kosuke
  • Journal Title: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports Volume: 30 Issue: 9 Pages: 1729-1738
  • DOI: 10.1111/sms.13732
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Associations between Range of Motion and Tissue Stiffness in Young and Older People (2020)
  • Author(s): HIRATA KOSUKE、YAMADERA RYOSUKE、AKAGI RYOTA
  • Journal Title: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Pages: 2179-2188
  • DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002360
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Active recovery has a positive and acute effect on recovery from fatigue induced by repeated maximal voluntary contractions of the plantar flexors (2020)
  • Author(s): Akagi Ryota、Imaizumi Naoto、Sato Shinya、Hirata Naoya、Tanimoto Hiroki、Hirata Kosuke
  • Journal Title: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology Volume: 50 Pages: 102384-102384
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.102384
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Can Static Stretching Reduce Stiffness of the Triceps Surae in Older Men? (2020)
  • Author(s): HIRATA KOSUKE、YAMADERA RYOSUKE、AKAGI RYOTA
  • Journal Title: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Pages: 673-679
  • DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002186
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism is not associated with passive muscle stiffness and sports-related muscle injury in Japanese athletes. (2019)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto-Mikami E, Miyamoto N, Kumagai H, Hirata K, Kikuchi N, Zempo H, Kimura N, Kamiya N, Kanehisa H, Naito H, Fuku N.
  • Journal Title: BMC Medical Genetics. Volume: 20 Issue: 1 Pages: 192-192
  • DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0928-2
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Effect of acute eye fatigue on cognition for young females: a pilot study (2019)
  • Author(s): Akagi Ryota、Tonotsuka Miki、Horie Ryota、Hirata Kosuke、Ando Soichi
  • Journal Title: PeerJ Volume: 7 Pages: e7978-e7978
  • DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7978
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Muscle Stiffness of the Vastus Lateralis in Sprinters and Long-Distance Runners (2019)
  • Author(s): MIYAMOTO NAOKAZU、HIRATA KOSUKE、INOUE KAKERU、HASHIMOTO TAKESHI
  • Journal Title: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Volume: 51 Issue: 10 Pages: 2080-2087
  • DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002024
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Moderate Associations of Muscle Elasticity of the Hamstring with Hip Joint Flexibility (2019)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto Naokazu、Hirata Kosuke
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Sports Medicine Volume: 40 Issue: 11 Pages: 717-724
  • DOI: 10.1055/a-0981-7282
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Muscle elasticity under active conditions in humans: A methodological comparison (2019)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto Naokazu、Hirata Kosuke
  • Journal Title: Translational Sports Medicine Volume: 2 Issue: 3 Pages: 138-145
  • DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.68
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] ESR1 rs2234693 Polymorphism Is Associated with Muscle Injury and Muscle Stiffness (2018)
  • Author(s): Hiroshi Kumagai、Eri Miyamoto-Mikami、Kosuke Hirata、Naoki Kikuchi、Nobuhiro Kamiya、Seigo Hoshikawa、Hirofumi Zempo、Hisashi Naito、Naokazu Miyamoto、Noriyuki Fuku
  • Journal Title: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Volume: 1 Issue: 1 Pages: 19-26
  • DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001750
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Associations of passive muscle stiffness, muscle stretch tolerance, and muscle slack angle with range of motion: individual and sex differences (2018)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto Naokazu、Hirata Kosuke、Miyamoto-Mikami Eri、Yasuda Osamu、Kanehisa Hiroaki
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 8 Issue: 1 Pages: 8274-8274
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26574-3
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Mechanical interaction between neighboring muscles in human upper limb: Evidence for epimuscular myofascial force transmission in humans (2018)
  • Author(s): Yoshitake Yasuhide、Uchida Daiki、Hirata Kosuke、Mayfield Dean L.、Kanehisa Hiroaki
  • Journal Title: Journal of Biomechanics Volume: 74 Pages: 150-155
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.04.036
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Promotion system for home-based squat training using OpenPose (2020)
  • Author(s): Hirasawa Y, Gotoda N, Kanda R, Hirata K, Akagi R
  • Organizer: IEEE TALE2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 伸張性膝関節屈曲運動がもたらすハムストリングの筋損傷－協働筋間の違いに着目して－ (2020)
  • Author(s): 浅野智之，東海林幹生，神田章裕，江間諒一，平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第75回日本体力医学会大会
• [Presentation] 1週間に亘るブラジル産グリーンプロポリスの経口摂取は筋疲労の軽減あるいは回復促進に貢献するか？ (2020)
  • Author(s): 土屋勇真，平田尚哉，佐藤伸哉，池口主弥，浅間孝志，越阪部奈緒美，平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第75回日本体力医学会大会
• [Presentation] 球種及びインパクトの違いが打球要素に及ぼす影響 (2020)
  • Author(s): 野澤周平，城所収二，平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第26回日本バイオメカニクス学会大会
• [Presentation] Drop jump performance is related to resting calf muscle stiffness (2020)
  • Author(s): Ando R, Sato S, Hirata N, Tanimoto H, Imaizumi N, Suzuki Y, Hirata K, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 23rd Congress of the International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Development of a promotion system for home-based squat training for elderly people (2019)
  • Author(s): Hirasawa Y, Ishioka T, Gotoda N, Hirata K, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 21st International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Age-related Differences in Associations between Range of Motion and Stiffness of Muscle, Fascia and Nerve (2019)
  • Author(s): Hirata K, Yamadera R, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 27th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Can low-intensity squat exercise improve knee and hip flexion and extension strength simultaneously? (2019)
  • Author(s): Sato S, Hirata N, Tanimoto H, Imaizumi N, Ando R, Hirata K, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 27th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Changes in maximal voluntary contraction torque and rate of torque development after initial and secondary bouts of maximal knee extensor eccentric exercise (2019)
  • Author(s): Kanda A, Ema R, Kawashima R, Ikeda K, Hirata K, Nosaka K, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 27th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Knee extensor muscle damage protective effect by maximal isometric contractions of the knee flexors (2019)
  • Author(s): Shoji M, Ema R, Kanda A, Hirata K, Nosaka K, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 27th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Individual differences in knee extensor fatigue induced by sustained middle-level contraction (2019)
  • Author(s): Hirata N, Sato S, Tanimoto H, Imaizumi N, Hirata K, Akagi R.
  • Organizer: The 27th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Influence of the types of pitches on the flight distance in baseball batting (2019)
  • Author(s): Nozawa S, Hirata K, Kidokoro S, Akagi R
  • Organizer: The 27th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 静的ストレッチングが下腿三頭筋の硬さに及ぼす影響：高齢男性と若年男性の比較 (2019)
  • Author(s): 平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第70回日本体育学会大会
• [Presentation] 事前に実施する膝関節屈曲筋力発揮が伸張性膝関節伸展運動による筋損傷に及ぼす効果：膝関節伸展筋群各筋に着目して (2019)
  • Author(s): 東海林幹生，江間諒一，神田章裕，平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第70回日本体育学会大会
• [Presentation] 筋量に占める筋細胞量および筋の収縮特性の加齢変化とその関連 (2019)
  • Author(s): 平田浩祐，飯田菜月，東海林幹生，神田章裕，吉田司，山田陽介，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第74回日本体力医学会大会
• [Presentation] 炭酸ガスハイドレートを用いたアイシングによる筋疲労回復効果の検討 (2019)
  • Author(s): 平田浩祐，谷本洋樹，佐藤伸哉．今泉直人，平田尚哉，村上裕之，杉原圭彦，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第32回日本トレーニング科学会大会
• [Presentation] 8週間のスクワットトレーニングは大腿部の筋量及び骨格筋細胞量、膝関節伸展筋力及び屈曲筋力を増加させるか？ (2019)
  • Author(s): 伊藤真理，佐藤伸哉，平田尚哉，谷本洋樹，今泉直人，安藤良介，山田陽介，吉田司，平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第32回日本トレーニング科学会大会
• [Presentation] 8週間の低強度スロースクワットトレーニングが膝関節伸展筋群の筋疲労耐性に及ぼす効果 (2019)
  • Author(s): 平田尚哉，佐藤伸哉，谷本洋樹，今泉直人，平田浩祐，赤木亮太
  • Organizer: 第32回日本トレーニング科学会大会
• [Presentation] rs2234693 polymorphism in the ESR1 is associated with muscle injury and muscle stiffness in Japanese population. (2018)
  • Author(s): Kumagai H, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Hirata K, Kikuchi N, Kamiya N, Hoshikawa S, Zempo H, Naito H, Miyamoto N, Fuku N.
  • Organizer: The 23rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sports Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Association analysis of COL1A1 and COL5A1 polymorphisms with muscle stiffness. (2018)
  • Author(s): Miyamoto-Mikami E, Hirata K, Kimura N, Fuku N, Miyamoto N.
  • Organizer: The 23rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sports Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 筋腱複合体の形状が関節柔軟性に及ぼす影響～腓腹筋内側頭を対象として～ (2018)
  • Author(s): 平田浩祐，宮本直和
  • Organizer: 第25回日本バイオメカニクス学会大会
• [Presentation] COL1A1遺伝子多型は女性の関節柔軟性および筋の怪我受傷リスクに関連する (2018)
  • Author(s): 宮本（三上）恵里，熊谷仁，平田浩祐，菊池直樹，神谷宣広，膳法浩史，星川精豪，内藤久士，宮本直和，福典之
  • Organizer: 第73回日本体力医学会大会
• [Presentation] 跳馬を得意とする女子体操競技選手における柔軟性の特性 (2018)
  • Author(s): 新竹優子，熊谷仁，平田浩祐，宮本（三上）恵里，膳法浩史，福尾誠，冨田洋之，原田睦巳，宮本直和，福典之
  • Organizer: 第73回日本体力医学会大会
• [Remarks] 神経の硬さが高齢者の関節の柔軟性と関連することを発見
  • URL: https://www.shibaura-it.ac.jp/news/nid00001369.html