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Examination of the Chinese-based way of thinking after Chinese adoption of Buddhism: Multi-layered characteristics of Chinese Buddhist terms

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K00061
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 01020:Chinese philosophy, Indian philosophy and Buddhist philosophy-related
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Funayama Toru  京都大学, 人文科学研究所, 教授 (70209154)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywords仏教漢語 / 通俗的語義解釈 / 音通 / サンスクリット語 / folk etymology / nirukta / nirukti / nirvacana / ニルクタ / ニルクティ / ニルヴァチャナ / 語義解釈 / 訓詁 / 漢訳 / 仏典 / 漢字音写語 / 意訳 / 音訳 / 漢字ベースの思考法 / インドの伝統的解釈の継承 / 漢訳仏典 / 仏教の中国化 / 漢語的思考
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The present research pays a special focus on the Chinese Buddhist terms during the 5th-11th centuries as closely related to the development of Chinese thought. Chinese Buddhists established a multi-layered interpretation of Buddhist terms based on both Indic exegesis in Sanskrit and Pali and the Chinese traditional interpretations of words as found in Confucian classics. Indic exegesis means the Sanskrit Panininian grammar and folk etymology often called nirukti, nirukta or nirvacana. Chinese traditional exegesis is, on the other hand, deeply related to the way of interpretation that Chinese words of the same/similar phoneme can means the same notion (yintong).
The final report of this research project has been published as a monograph entitled "Bukkyo kango Gogi kaishaku: kanji de fukameru Bukkyo rikai" in March, 2022.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

従来、漢字で表す仏教語の解説研究には一つの共通点があった:漢字仏教語を扱いながら、解説自体はそのインド語(主にサンスクリット語とパーリ語)における対応原語を示し、インド語の意味をインド語として解説することに終始し、見出し語で示した漢字の意味を全く説明しなかった。これは「説明しなかった」というより、知識不足によって「説明できなかった」と言う方が真実に近い。本研究はこのような「似非」解説を批判し、漢字による仏教用語を、サンスクリット語解釈の伝統ではこう説明し、漢語の伝統解釈ではこう説明すると区別して論じ、インドと中国の伝統的解釈には共通面も全くの相違面もあることを基本語約50語に即して実証した。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (26 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 7 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 6 results) Book (7 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Oriental Studies, University of Oxford(英国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Oxford University(英国)

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 中国における『梵網経』と日本への影響:日本の重文写本『梵網経』二種2022

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Journal Title

      公益財団法人仏教美術研究上の記念財団研究報告書四八『日本における梵網経と菩薩戒思想の問題』

      Volume: 48 Pages: 1-9

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] <Articles>The Significance of the Anonymous Cibei daochang chan fa in Ten Fascicles2021

    • Author(s)
      船山 徹
    • Journal Title

      東方學報

      Volume: 96 Pages: 408-346

    • DOI

      10.14989/269167

    • ISSN
      0304-2448
    • Year and Date
      2021-12-25
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 『六度集経』の外側:語彙と併行句2021

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Journal Title

      六度集経研究会『全訳六度集経:仏の前世物語』(法藏館)

      Volume: - Pages: 50-54

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The Genesis of *Svasamvitti-samvitti Reconsidered2021

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Journal Title

      Mark SIDERITS et al. (eds.), Buddhist Philosophy of Consciousness: Tradition and Dialogue (Leinden/Boston: Brill)

      Volume: - Pages: 209-224

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The Genesis of *Svasamvitti-samvitti Reconsidered2021

    • Author(s)
      Toru Funayama
    • Journal Title

      Buddhist Philosophy of Consciousness: Tradition and Dialogue, edited by Mark Siderits, Ching Keng, and John Spackman

      Volume: 1 Pages: 209-224

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Chinese Buddhist PhoneticTranscriptions during the Liang Dynasty Depicted in the Fragmentary Quotations of the Chu yao lü yi2020

    • Author(s)
      船山 徹
    • Journal Title

      東方學報

      Volume: 95 Pages: 522-402

    • DOI

      10.14989/261844

    • NAID

      120006979760

    • ISSN
      0304-2448
    • Year and Date
      2020-12-25
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 仏典の伝播と日本の経蔵2020

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Journal Title

      日本宗教史2 世界のなかの日本宗教

      Volume: 2 Pages: 146-168

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 衆生から有情へ,そして再び衆生へ:サンスクリット語sattva漢訳史2019

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Journal Title

      東方學報,京都

      Volume: 94 Pages: 33-66

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Translation, Transcription, and What Else? Some Basic Characteristics of Chinese Buddhist Translation as a Cultural Contact between India and China, with Special Reference to Sanskrit arya and Chinese sheng2019

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Journal Title

      Buddhism and the Dynamics of Transculturality . New Approaches, edited by Birgit Kellner; Religion and Society vol. 64

      Volume: 64 Pages: 85-100

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Study of Chinese Buddhist Thought in Japan: "Subcommentary" and Its Japanese and Chinese Equivalents2019

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Journal Title

      Acta Asiatica

      Volume: 117 Pages: 41-50

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Xiao Ziliang2019

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Journal Title

      Brill's Encyclopedia of Buddhism

      Volume: 2

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Jizang 吉藏 on the Sanskrit Title of the Guan wuliang shou jing 觀無量壽經2019

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Organizer
      Writing and Reading Chinese Buddhist Translations in Medieval China
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 玄奘の往生願望と初地の意義2019

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Organizer
      大正大学綜合仏教研究所公開講座
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Eliminating “Chinese-made Scriptures” from monastic libraries in medieval China, with a special focus on the Chinese Buddhist catalogues by Sengyou and Zhisheng2019

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Organizer
      Conference "Evolution of Scriptures, Formation of Canons" organized by University of Hamburg and University of Tsukuba
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Pedagogic Aspects of Xuanzang's Translation Work: How to Build up Young Scholar-monks Efficiently in Limited Time2019

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Organizer
      International Workshop with Young and Senior Scholars "Translating and Educating: the Transmission of Indian and Buddhist Texts and Thought"
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Detection and Elimination of 'Chinese-made Sutras' Mixed in Monastic Libraries and Catalogues during Medieval China2018

    • Author(s)
      Funayama Toru
    • Organizer
      International Conference "Evolution of Scriptures, Formation of Canons"
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 訳語の適性 ──「衆生」から「有情」へ、そして再び「衆生」へ2018

    • Author(s)
      船山 徹
    • Organizer
      東方学会シンポジウム「近未来の東洋学・アジア研究―言葉の重みを受けとめ、いかにその壁を超えるか―」
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Book] 仏教漢語 語義解釈:漢字で深める仏教理解2022

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Total Pages
      366
    • Publisher
      京都大学
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 婆藪槃豆伝2021

    • Author(s)
      船山 徹
    • Total Pages
      268
    • Publisher
      法藏館
    • ISBN
      9784831877468
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 菩薩として生きる2020

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Total Pages
      250
    • Publisher
      臨川書店
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 六朝隋唐仏教展開史2019

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Total Pages
      556
    • Publisher
      法藏館
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 仏教の聖者:史実と願望の記録2019

    • Author(s)
      船山徹
    • Total Pages
      242
    • Publisher
      臨川書店
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 六朝隋唐仏教展開史2019

    • Author(s)
      船山 徹
    • Total Pages
      512
    • Publisher
      法藏館
    • ISBN
      4831877247
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 仏教の聖者─史実と願望の記録2019

    • Author(s)
      船山 徹
    • Total Pages
      238
    • Publisher
      臨川書店
    • ISBN
      4653043787
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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