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Analysis of tax and social security policies and their influence on intergenerational welfare in a declining birthrate and aging society

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K01648
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 07050:Public economics and labor economics-related
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Nishiyama Shinichi  京都大学, 経済学研究科, 教授 (20812895)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Keywords動学一般均衡モデル / 世代重複モデル / 不完備市場 / 家計の異質性 / 少子高齢化 / 社会保障制度 / 教育投資 / 人口動態の変化 / 租税制度 / 財政政策 / 社会保障政策 / 出生率 / 租税政策 / 社会保障 / 動学一般均衡
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this research project, we first extended the incomplete-market dynamic general-equilibrium overlapping-generations (OLG) model with heterogeneous households to incorporate the U.S. demographic change and its projection (Social Security Bureau 2021), and we quantitatively analyzed the effects of tax and social security reform proposals. Next, we extended the similar OLG model to incorporate the Japan's demographic change and its projection (National Institute of Population and Social Security Research 2017), and we analyzed the effects of reform proposals on tax and social security systems. Finally, we extended the partial-equilibrium OLG model (de la Croix and Doepke 2003), which endogenizes childbirth and education investment, to the incomplete-market general-equilibrium model, and we analyzed the effects of various reform proposals on child-rearing support.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究事業では、異質な家計で構成される動学一般均衡世代重複モデルを拡張する形で少子高齢化に関連する租税・社会保障制度の改革効果を分析している。これらのモデルは、より具体的には、労働生産性(賃金率)あるいは教育投資のリターンに関するショック(不確実性)を導入した不完備市場のモデルである。この民間の保険市場が不十分であるという現実的な仮定のもとで、モデル上の経済では家計間の異質性(所得格差や資産格差)が再現され、租税・社会保障制度に組み込まれた公的保険(リスク分散)や所得・資産再分配の有効性を検証することが可能となる。こうした点で、研究成果の政策分析ツールとしての社会的有用性は極めて高いと言える。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 10 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] 少子高齢化と社会保障の課題にどう取り組むか2021

    • Author(s)
      西山慎一
    • Journal Title

      経済セミナー

      Volume: 718 Pages: 35-40

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The joint labor supply decision of married couples and theU.S. Social Security pension system2019

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Journal Title

      Review of Economic Dynamics

      Volume: 31 Pages: 277-304

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.red.2018.08.001

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Analyzing an Aging Population in Japan: A Dynamic General-Equilibrium Approach2022

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      日本経済学会春季大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Fertility, Education, and Economic Growth2020

    • Author(s)
      西山慎一
    • Organizer
      大阪大学社会経済研究所
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Fertility, Education, and Economic Growth2020

    • Author(s)
      西山慎一
    • Organizer
      The Economic Growth and Income Distribution Conference (京都大学)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Fertility, Education, and Economic Growth2020

    • Author(s)
      西山慎一
    • Organizer
      The MaGHiC--Keio Workshop on Population Aging (慶應義塾大学)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Fertility, Education, and Economic Growth2020

    • Author(s)
      西山慎一
    • Organizer
      一橋大学経済研究所
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Analyzing Fiscal Policies in a Heterogeneous-Agent Overlapping-Generations Economy2019

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      DSGE Conference 2019, 沖縄県那覇市
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Achieving Actuarial Balance in Social Security: Measuring the Welfare Effects on Individuals2018

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      Summer Workshop on Economic Theory, 北海道大学
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Achieving Actuarial Balance in Social Security: Measuring the Welfare Effects on Individuals2018

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      一橋大学
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Achieving Actuarial Balance in Social Security: Measuring the Welfare Effects on Individuals2018

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      The Korea Institute of Public Finance International Conference, Seoul, South Korea
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Achieving Actuarial Balance in Social Security: Measuring the Welfare Effects on Individuals2018

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      Australian National University
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Achieving Actuarial Balance in Social Security: Measuring the Welfare Effects on Individuals2018

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      The Australian Treasury
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Joint Labor Supply Decision of Married Couples and the Social Security Pension System2018

    • Author(s)
      Shinichi Nishiyama
    • Organizer
      The Australian Treasury
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Funded Workshop] 京都大学経済学研究科応用マクロ経済学セミナー2020

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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