Study on the higher civil service examination from the perspective of equal opportunity

Research Project

Project/Area Number	18K02284
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 09010:Education-related
Research Institution	Sendai Seiyo Gakuin College
Principal Investigator	HORINOUCHI Toshie 仙台青葉学院短期大学, こども学科, 教授(移行) (50757169)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help	¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000) Fiscal Year 2020: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Keywords	高等官任用資格試験 / 高等試験令第七条試験 / 職業上の機会均等 / 就業格差 / 官吏 / 非進学者 / 高等官 / 試験制度改革 / 高等試験令第7条試験 / 教育制度改革 / 独学者
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The purpose of this study is to examine the higher civil service examination from the perspective of equal opportunity, especially vocational opportunity, which was one of the central issues in the discussion on educational system reform from the 1920s to the 1930s. We analyzed the examination based upon Article 7 of the Higher Examination Ordinance, which was newly established to certify the qualifications for taking the preliminary examination. Although the system could be regarded as a way to open up opportunities for those who did not have an educational background equal to or higher than that of junior high school graduates to become higher officials, it was found that its practical function was extremely limited.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究では、学歴による職業選択、就業格差が顕著であった戦前の社会において、中学校卒業者と同等以上の学歴を有しない者にとって、高等官になるための機会を開く制度として、高資にどれほどの現実的な機能があったのか検討した。制度が整備されることと現実的な機能との乖離状況を実証的に明らかにした本研究の成果は、今日においても解消されていない学歴による職業選択、就業格差という社会問題に対して歴史的示唆を提示し得る。