Effect of Gender on the Relation between Social Capital and School Outcome: The Case Study of Kenya

• Project/Area Number: 18K02398
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 09020:Sociology of education-related
• Research Institution: International Christian University
• Principal Investigator: Sasaoka (Nishimura) Mikiko 国際基督教大学, 教養学部, 教授 (20432552)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
• Keywords: ジェンダー / 親の参加 / 情報共有 / 初等教育 / ケニア / マサイ族 / 学校運営 / コミュニティ / アフリカ / コロナ禍 / 学習機会 / 社会関係資本 / 学校教育

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study is a case study of Maasai Community in Kajiado County, Kenya to examine how gender affects interaction between parents/community and schools and how school management impacts on gender disparity in learning outcome and its continuation. The results showed that information sharing and encouragement of the roles of the parents in school education through SNS impacted more on women's participation in schools. It is implied that such intervention that promotes the perception and self-efficacy of parents and community on the usefulness and management of information is a viable way to improve schools in traditional society even with strong gender norms and illiteracy.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の最も顕著な成果としては、女性の方が男性よりも、より確かな情報や自信といったエンパワーメントの要素への反応が良く、大多数が識字をもたない中でもSNSの情報共有が女性の保護者の学校参加により大きな効果をもたらすことが分かったことである。従来の研究では、教育レベルの低さ、非識字、固定的なジェンダー規範が女性の学校参加を阻むことが指摘されてきたが、本研究の調査対象地域においては、異なる結果が示された。非識字率の高い地域においては、女性の教育レベルを上げるという息の長い教育協力と同時に、情報に意味を見出し、自らがその情報を利用する自信を促す取り組みが、子どもたちの教育改善に役立つ可能性がある。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Gender differences in awareness and participation: Case of information sharing practices in Maasai community in Kenya. (2022)
  • Author(s): Tetsuya Yamada and Mikiko Nishimura
  • Journal Title: Africa Educational Research Journal Volume: 12 Pages: 111-124
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Community participation in school governance: The Maasai community in Kenya (2018)
  • Author(s): Nishimura Mikiko
  • Journal Title: PROSPECTS Volume: 48 Issue: 4 Pages: 1-20
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11125-018-9439-8
  • Open Access
• [Presentation] Gender Difference in Awareness and Participation by Information Sharing Practice: An Action Research in Maasai Community in Kenya (2021)
  • Author(s): Tetsuya Yamada and Mikiko Nishimura
  • Organizer: Comparative and International Education Society
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Gender difference in awareness and participation in school-based management: An action research in Maasai community in Kenya (2020)
  • Author(s): Tetsuya Yamada and Mikiko Nishimura
  • Organizer: アフリカ教育学会
• [Presentation] Does information enhance community participation in school? The evidence from rural Kenya (2019)
  • Author(s): Tetsuya Yamada and Mikiko Nishimura
  • Organizer: The 55th Annual Conference of Japan Comparative Education Society
• [Presentation] How do parents react to information shared through text messages? An empirical evidence from rural Kenya (2019)
  • Author(s): Tetsuya Yamada and Mikiko Nishimura
  • Organizer: The 24th Conference of Japan Society for Africa Educational Research
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Toward the new direction of peace education in Japan and beyond (2019)
  • Author(s): Mikiko Nishimura
  • Organizer: Peace Edducation in Context: An Interdisciplinary Global Look
• [Presentation] Does information sharing enhance community participation in school? The case of Maasai community in Kenya. (2019)
  • Author(s): Yamada, T. and Nishimura, M
  • Organizer: Africa Educational Research Forum
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] Community Participation with Schools in Developing Countries: Towards Equitable and Inclusive Basic Education for All (2020)
  • Author(s): Nishimura, Mikiko
  • Total Pages: 258
  • Publisher: Routledge
  • ISBN: 9780367175832
• [Book] SDGs時代の教育：すべての人に質の高い学びの機会を (2019)
  • Author(s): 北村 友人、佐藤 真久、佐藤 学
  • Total Pages: 304
  • Publisher: 学文社
  • ISBN: 9784762028755