Identification and characterization of Dominant Awn Inhibitor gene in sorghum

• Project/Area Number: 18K05570
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Takanashi Hideki 東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 助教 (60707149)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: ソルガム / 芒 / 器官分化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

There has been little progress in the study of awn in sorghum, and none of the genes involved in awn length have been reported. I conducted a QTL analysis for awn length in the sorghum RIL population and found a QTL that suppressed awn formation in an oddly dominant manner. I found SbDAI (Dominant Awn Inhibitor) as a candidate causable gene for this QTL, and succeeded in proving that the awn formation was inhibited by introducing SbDAI gene to an awned sorghum line. In addition, RNA-seq analysis using NILs for SbDAI successfully identified a group of genes whose expression varied depending on the presence or absence of DAI.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

芒はイネ科植物小穂の護穎の先端から伸びる針状の突起構造で, イネ科野生種は基本的に有芒 (有芒が優性形質) であり, また芒は人類が栽培化の過程で除去を試みてきた「栽培化の歴史」を紐解くうえでも非常に重要な形質でもある.
これまで芒長を優性で伸長させるタイプの遺伝子が多数同定されてきたイネやオオムギと異なり, 本研究で同定されたソルガムのSbDAIは優性で芒を消失させるという珍しいタイプの遺伝子であった. 興味深い優性芒抑制遺伝子が同定されたことは, 今後の応用利用のみならず, 遺伝子の進化についても様々な示唆を与える興味深い結果であると言える.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] RAD-seq-Based High-Density Linkage Map Construction and QTL Mapping of Biomass-Related Traits in Sorghum using the Japanese Landrace Takakibi NOG. (2020)
  • Author(s): Kajiya-Kanegae H, Takanashi H, Fujimoto M, Ishimori M, Ohnishi N, Wacera W F, Omollo EA, Kobayashi M, Yano K, Nakano M, Kozuka T, Kusaba M, Iwata H, Tsutsumi N, Sakamoto W
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell Physiol. Volume: 61 Issue: 7 Pages: 1262-1272
  • DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa056
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Targeted gene disruption of ATP synthases 6‐1 and 6‐2 in the mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis thaliana by mitoTALENs (2020)
  • Author(s): Arimura Shin‐ichi、Ayabe Hiroki、Sugaya Hajime、Okuno Miki、Tamura Yoshiko、Tsuruta Yu、Watari Yuta、Yanase Shungo、Yamauchi Takaki、Itoh Takehiko、Toyoda Atsushi、Takanashi Hideki、Tsutsumi Nobuhiro
  • Journal Title: The Plant Journal Volume: 104 Issue: 6 Pages: 1459-1471
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15041
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Effect of salt tolerance on biomass production in a large population of sorghum accessions (2020)
  • Author(s): Yamazaki Kiyoshi、Ishimori Motoyuki、Kajiya-Kanegae Hiromi、Takanashi Hideki、Fujimoto Masaru、Yoneda Jun-ichi、Yano Kentaro、Koshiba Taichi、Tanaka Ryokei、Iwata Hiroyoshi、Tokunaga Tsuyoshi、Tsutsumi Nobuhiro、Fujiwara Toru
  • Journal Title: Breeding Science Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Pages: 167-175
  • DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.19009
  • NAID: 130007833812
  • ISSN: 1344-7610, 1347-3735
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] Mapping of QTLs associated with awn length in sorghum. (2018)
  • Author(s): Takanashi, H., Kajiya-Kanegae H., Ishimori, M., Yano, K., Ohnishi, N., Fujiwara, T., Iwata, H., Sakamoto, W., Tsutsumi, N.
  • Organizer: Sorghum in the 21st Century
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Remarks] 植物分子遺伝学研究室HP
  • URL: http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pmg/