Molecular basis for replication of swine influenza viruses

Research Project

Project/Area Number	18K05975
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 42020:Veterinary medical science-related
Research Institution	Kagoshima University
Principal Investigator	OZAWA Makoto 鹿児島大学, 農水産獣医学域獣医学系, 准教授 (50568722)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help	¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000) Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Keywords	インフルエンザウイルス / 豚 / 増殖性 / 分子基盤 / 人工合成 / 豚インフルエンザ
Outline of Final Research Achievements	To clarify virological characteristics of swine influenza viruses that are relevant to both animal and public health, the molecular basis for viral replication in swine cells was investigated using a molecular technique for artificial generation of viruses. The results revealed that all eight viral gene segments (not just the four required for viral polymerase activity) are critical for viral replication in swine cells. The results also suggest that swine influenza virus variants with a genetic constellation conferring remarkable replication ability in swine cells have become dominant in nature.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	豚インフルエンザウイルスは畜産衛生と公衆衛生の両面において重要な病原体であり、その特性の解明は社会的命題のひとつだが、ヒトの季節性インフルエンザウイルスや高病原性鳥インフルエンザウイルスと異なり、その分子レベルの基礎研究はほとんど進められていない。本研究で得られた豚インフルエンザウイルスのウイルス学的特性に関する新知見は、サーベイランスやワクチン開発など、様々な分野での応用が期待できる。