Neural mechanism of olfactory habituation in Drosophila pheromone sensing

Research Project

Project/Area Number	18K06329
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 44050:Animal physiological chemistry, physiology and behavioral biology-related
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	Ejima Aki 東京大学, 定量生命科学研究所, 協力研究員 (00548571)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help	¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000) Fiscal Year 2020: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Keywords	神経可塑性 / フェロモン / 嗅覚 / 馴化 / ショウジョウバエ / 嗅覚馴化 / Caイメージング
Outline of Final Research Achievements	If you continue to smell a certain scent, you will soon lose the scent. This is one of the habituation phenomena in the sensory nervous system, and it is considered that it has a function of making it easier to detect a new stimulus by making it difficult to perceive a constant stimulus. In this study, we elucidated the neural mechanism that controls odor acclimation, using the pheromone response of Drosophila melanogaster, which has a relatively simple brain structure, as a model.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究により見出された性特異性をもつ嗅覚二次神経は、神経中枢において嗅覚だけでなく味覚や聴覚刺激など入力信号のANDゲートとして働くことが明らかになったことから、馴化機能と動物の「パターン行動」の順序を決める信号強化の関係を理解する基盤となると期待される。