Why can island adaptive radiations of birds occur? An approach using mathematical models and geometric morphometrics
| Project/Area Number |
18K06397
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 45030:Biodiversity and systematics-related
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| Research Institution | Yamashina Institute for Ornithology |
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Principal Investigator |
Yamasaki Takeshi 公益財団法人山階鳥類研究所, 研究所, 研究員 (70390755)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
島田 将喜 帝京科学大学, 生命環境学部, 准教授 (10447922)
荻原 直道 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 教授 (70324605)
小林 豊 高知工科大学, 経済・マネジメント学群, 教授 (70517169)
土岐田 昌和 東邦大学, 理学部, 准教授 (80422921)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
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| Keywords | 適応放散 / 種分化 / 数理モデル / シミュレーション / 幾何学的形態測定学 / 鳥類 / 海洋島 / 分散力 / 進化的制約 / 進化 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we asked the following questions: "Why can adaptive radiations occur in birds on oceanic islands?" and "What is the difference between birds that do and do not undergo adaptive radiation on oceanic islands?" For the first question, it was a puzzle why ancestral species with high oversea dispersal ability would be genetically fragmented due to narrow straits within an archipelago. Our computer simulations revealed that under conditions in which adaptive radiation occurs, natural selection favors a rapid decrease in dispersal ability. Regarding the second question, there was a hypothesis that the evolvability of bill morphology, which plays an important role in the adaptation of birds to their environment, determines whether adaptive radiation occurs on oceanic islands. However, a 3D geometric morphometrics study on crows did not support this hypothesis.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
人類の活動により、生物多様性の急激な喪失が続いている現代において、生物多様性についての理解の深化は急務である。海洋島の鳥の適応放散は、生物多様性の創出メカニズムを解明するための理想的な材料とみなされてきた。それは著しく多様な種を含む一方、観察がきわめて容易という特性を持つためである（海洋島の生態系はシンプルであり、そこに住む鳥は人間に対する警戒心を欠く）。本研究は、このように重要な題材について、「高い海上分散力を持つはずの鳥類がなぜ海洋島において多数の種に分化することができるのか」という、長年の謎を解決できた。
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Report
(5 results)
Research Products
(4 results)
