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Analysis of the initiation system of cancer immunity

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K07258
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 50020:Tumor diagnostics and therapeutics-related
Research InstitutionTokyo Medical and Dental University

Principal Investigator

Kajita Mihoko  東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 日本学術振興会特別研究員 (00607442)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Keywords乳がん / オルガノイド / 組織常在性マクロファージ / がん予防 / がん免疫 / がん遺伝子 / がん抑制遺伝子
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The target of current cancer immunotherapy is malignant tumors that have accumulated numerous mutations, which poses problems such as high medical costs and mental and physical burdens for patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to accumulate knowledge in the early or precancerous stages that will lead to the early treatment of cancer or cancer prevention. On the other hand, it is not known how cancer immunity is activated in the early stage of carcinogenesis, its timing and mechanism, and the immune cells that initiate the cancer immunity.
In this study, we focused on tissue-resident macrophages as cells that initiate cancer immunity and established a new experimental system using mammary gland organoids, and clarified that tissue-resident macrophages are immune cells that respond at the very early stage of carcinogenesis.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、これまで不明であった発がんのごく初期段階における免疫反応を解析し、組織常在性マクロファージが、がん免疫の始動を担う細胞であることを示唆するデータが得られた。さらに組織常在性マクロファージは、変異が蓄積する前の「前がん細胞」を正常細胞と見分けて貪食・排除していることもわかった。臨床においては、がんは早期治療できるかどうかがその後の患者の生存率に大きく影響している。本研究を通じて、発がんの初期段階に起こる現象が明らかになり、早期治療を可能にするようなマーカーの創出や、腫瘍を形成する前の「前がん細胞」の段階で排除するような新しいがん治療・がん予防に繋がることが期待できる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (2 results)

All 2020

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] CD86-based analysis enables observation of bona fide hematopoietic responses2020

    • Author(s)
      Kanayama Masashi、Izumi Yuta、Yamauchi Yasuharu、Kuroda Shoko、Shin Takaei、Ishikawa Shun、Sato Taku、Kajita Mihoko、Ohteki Toshiaki
    • Journal Title

      Blood

      Volume: 136 Issue: 10 Pages: 1144-1154

    • DOI

      10.1182/blood.2020004923

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Characterization of radioresistant epithelial stem cell heterogeneity in the damaged mouse intestine.2020

    • Author(s)
      Sato T, Sase M, Ishikawa S, Kajita M, Asano J, Sato T, Mori Y, and Ohteki T.
    • Journal Title

      Sci Rep

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 8308-8308

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-020-64987-1

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access

URL: 

Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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