| Project/Area Number |
18K10041
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 58020:Hygiene and public health-related: including laboratory approach
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| Research Institution | Kobe Institute of Health |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
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| Keywords | NTM / Mycobacterium avium / genetic relatedness / VNTR / genetic diversity / bathroom environment / minimum spanning tree / 非結核性抗酸菌 / 浴室環境 / バイオフィルム / シャワー水 / 抗酸菌 / 肺MAC症 / 遺伝型別 / 系統分類 / 感染源 / 遺伝的多様性 / 非結核性抗酸菌症 / ゲノム / 肺NTM症 / 住環境 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) is a typical inhabitat of the environment, especially bathrooms, which are considered as a potential source of infection. To corroborate this hypothesis, we determined the detection rate of MAH in bathrooms of healthy volunteers by an ordinary culture method and we analyzed the genetic relatedness of these isolates with those from patients and other sources such as river water and soil.
A minimum spanning tree generated on the basis of the variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTR) data indicated that isolates from the bathrooms of the healthy volunteers had a high degree of genetic relatedness with those from Japanese patients, bathrooms of patients, and river water, but not with those from Russian patients and Japanese pigs. These results showed that bathtub inlets in Japan provide an environmental niche for MAH and suggest that bathrooms are one of the important infection sources of MAH in Japan.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究は、我が国の浴室がNTM菌への日常的な曝露のホットスポットであることを明らかにした。とりわけ、肺NTM症の主要な起因菌であるMycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH)は健常人家庭の浴室環境から高頻度に検出されるのみではなく、本研究における遺伝子解析により、臨床分離株との遺伝的関連性の高さが確認された。
現在、有効な治療方法が確立されていないMAH肺感染症について感染源の一つが特定されたことで、その曝露リスクを低減させることでの感染予防策への道を拓く研究成果であり、学術的にも社会的にも意義の大きな研究成果である。
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