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A sociology of religion of "post-spirituality": the case of spiritual therapy dropouts

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K12205
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 01030:Religious studies-related
Research InstitutionChiba University

Principal Investigator

Gaitanidis Ioannis  千葉大学, 大学院国際学術研究院, 准教授 (90715856)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Keywordsスピリチュアリティ / 「霊感商法」 / 消費問題 / 宗教と消費 / 消費の道徳性 / 架空請求 / 消費者問題 / 判例 / 裁判 / 占い / 霊能 / スピリチュアル / 誠実さ / クレーム / 宗教 / 資本主義の倫理 / 言説分析 / 「消費詐欺」論 / ブログ記事の分析 / 異端論 / 代替性 / メディア / カルト論 / セラピー / ニューエイジ / シャーマニズム
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research project aimed to understand the criticism against spirituality coming from people who claimed to have once been ‘insiders’. In the first half of the project, the analysis of 504 blog entries written by these ‘spirituality ditchers’revealed that their critiques were not targeting spirituality itself, but the morality of capitalist transactions framed as ‘spiritual’. This led me, in the second half of the project, to consider through an examination of 306 court judgements (from the late 1980s to 2020), the kinds of consumer claims usually associated with 'spiritual' services. This research pointed me towards the existence of structural and moral commonalities between today’s rising problem of fictitious billing and the increase in the number of trials dealing with the so-called spiritual sales.
This project funded the conduct of 7 research presentations, 1 research article, 1 book chapter, 1 co-authored dialogue and 1 monograph (to be published in November 2022).

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

「宗教と消費」のことについて、「と」抜きで語るにはどうしたらいいのだろうか。言い換えれば、今までの宗教研究の中で、この組み合わせが並置的に(「宗教と消費」)あるいは相互還元的に(「宗教的消費」、「消費的宗教」)しか語られることがなかったが、今回の研究で分かったのは、近年の「宗教っぽい」サービスをめぐるクレームが「宗教と消費」の新たな語り方を可能としている。脱スピ論者が訴えてきた問題は、架空請求が一般的な消費者被害となっている現代社会が理想とする道徳的消費像を反映している。そこで「架空」の中身を定義し、その合法的範囲を確定しようとしている市場や宗教には共通的意図があるのではないと議論できる。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All 2022 2021 2019 2018

All Journal Article (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 3 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Economy and Spirituality2021

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Journal Title

      The Bloomsbury Handbook of Japanese Religions

      Volume: - Pages: 35-41

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A “Nihilist Philosophy?”2021

    • Author(s)
      Gaitanidis Ioannis
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Religion in Japan

      Volume: 10 Issue: 2-3 Pages: 271-298

    • DOI

      10.1163/22118349-01002006

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The corporate nature of “alternative” practices2021

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis and Aike P. Rots
    • Journal Title

      The Immanent Frame

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Japanese Religions and the Global Occult: An Introduction and Literature Review2021

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis, Justin Stein
    • Journal Title

      Japanese Religions

      Volume: 44 Pages: 1-32

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] “Spiritual Apostasy” in Contemporary Japan: Religion, Taboos and The Ethics of Capitalism2019

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Journal Title

      Silva Iaponicarum

      Volume: 60/61 Pages: 41-65

    • DOI

      10.14746/sijp.2019.60/61.3

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] More than just a photo? Aura photography in digital Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Journal Title

      Asian Ethnology

      Volume: 78

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] New Religious Movements, the Media, and “Japanese Animism”2019

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Journal Title

      Spirits and Animism in Contemporary Japan: The Invisible Empire (Fabio Rambelli, ed.)

      Volume: Bloomsbury Academic Pages: 65-80

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] スピリチュアル・セラピーとしてのヒプノセラピー―催眠術と民間精神療法の現代日本2018

    • Author(s)
      ヤニス・ガイタニディス
    • Journal Title

      こころと文化

      Volume: 17 Pages: 133-141

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 非組織的宗教、消費と道徳2022

    • Author(s)
      ガイタニディス・ヤニス
    • Organizer
      全国霊感商法対策弁護士連絡会集会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Making "Alternative Religion" Japanese: An Analysis of Scholarly Discourse on Supirichuariti2021

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Organizer
      European Association of Japanese Studies Triennial Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 非組織的宗教と詐欺 -法廷で語られる「誠実性」2021

    • Author(s)
      ガイタニディス・ヤニス
    • Organizer
      日本宗教学会第80回学術大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 出版スピリチュアリティ―精神世界の出版社と翻訳者2021

    • Author(s)
      ガイタニディス・ヤニス
    • Organizer
      日本オカルティズム史講座
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 「スピリチュアルな詐欺」は法廷でどう評価されてきたか:占い・霊能を対象とした判例の分析から2021

    • Author(s)
      ガイタニディス・ヤニス
    • Organizer
      国際基督教大学キリスト教と文化研究所公開講演会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Datsu-supi: Heretical Discourse and Spirituality in Contemporary Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Organizer
      Asian Studies Conference Japan
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Criticizing spiritual prosumption from within: the case of the anti-spirituality discourse in contemporary Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Organizer
      International Society for the Sociology of Religion Bi-Annual Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 異端論としての脱スピ論-内からのスピリチュアル批判-2019

    • Author(s)
      ヤニス・ガイタニディス
    • Organizer
      日本宗教学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 鳩山由紀夫の「友愛」思想―政治家のオカルト言論について―2018

    • Author(s)
      GAITANIDIS Ioannis
    • Organizer
      日本秘教研究ネットワーク(JNASE)第3回ワークショップ戦後オカルト再考―政治的背景をさぐる―
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 宇宙人の首相―「友愛」と鳩山由紀夫の政治思想をめぐるオカルト言論―2018

    • Author(s)
      GAITANIDIS Ioannis
    • Organizer
      「宗教と社会」学会第26回学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 現代宗教と代替性―日本の事例から―2018

    • Author(s)
      GAITANIDIS Ioannis
    • Organizer
      東北大学国際文化研究科国際日本研究講座企画公開講演
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Book] Spirituality and Alternativity in Contemporary Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Ioannis Gaitanidis
    • Total Pages
      240
    • Publisher
      Bloomsbury
    • ISBN
      9781350262614
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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