Optimal schedules of grammar learning: Types of grammatical knowledge and roles of aptitude

• Project/Area Number: 18K12470
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 02100:Foreign language education-related
• Research Institution: Kanagawa University
• Principal Investigator: Suzuki Yuichi 神奈川大学, 国際日本学部, 准教授 (10756563)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
• Keywords: 第二言語習得 / 文法習得 / スピーキング練習 / プラクティス / 練習間隔 / 個人差 / 認知心理学 / 英語教育

Outline of Final Research Achievements

With the limited amount of resources available for English education in Japan, it is important to explore how we can maximize the effects of second language learning without increasing study time. The current project yielded findings that immediate task repetition is more beneficial than spaced task repetition.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究成果の意義は、認知心理学における知見を外国語学習に応用し、外国語学習をいかに効果的にできるかを探った点にある。本研究によって、認知心理学で調べられている単純なスキル(例：単語の暗唱)や外国語の語彙習得における最適な学習スケジュールが、必ずしも外国語の文法習得にはそのまま適用できないことが明らかになった。また、個々の学習者の持つ認知適性などの個人差要因を考慮した上で、最適な学習間隔を推定するための基礎的なデータを得ることができた。最終的には、個々の英語教育現場・生徒の状況に合わせた指導法・教材・カリキュラム開発に貢献し、研究成果を日本の学校などの社会的場面へ応用することが期待できる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Individual differences in memory predict changes in breakdown and repair fluency but not speed fluency: A short-term fluency training intervention study (2021)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Journal Title: Applied Psycholinguistics Volume: in press
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] PROBING THE CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF LLAMA_D AS A MEASURE OF IMPLICIT LEARNING APTITUDE (2021)
  • Author(s): Suzuki Yuichi
  • Journal Title: Studies in Second Language Acquisition Volume: in press Issue: 3 Pages: 1-14
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0272263120000704
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Empirical Feasibility of the Desirable Difficulty Framework: Toward More Systematic Research on L2 Practice for Broader Pedagogical Implications (2020)
  • Author(s): SUZUKI YUICHI、NAKATA TATSUYA、DEKEYSER ROBERT
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 104 Issue: 1 Pages: 313-319
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12625
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The role of working memory in blocked and interleaved grammar practice: Proceduralization of L2 syntax (2020)
  • Author(s): Suzuki Yuichi、Yokosawa Satoko、Aline David
  • Journal Title: Language Teaching Research Volume: Early View Issue: 4 Pages: 671-695
  • DOI: 10.1177/1362168820913985
• [Journal Article] DYNAMIC INTERPLAY BETWEEN PRACTICE TYPE AND PRACTICE SCHEDULE IN A SECOND LANGUAGE (2019)
  • Author(s): Suzuki Yuichi、Sunada Midori
  • Journal Title: Studies in Second Language Acquisition Volume: 42 Issue: 1 Pages: 169-197
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0272263119000470
• [Journal Article] Learning the Causative Alternation in English and Japanese Speakers: Statistical and Non-statistical Effects (2019)
  • Author(s): Huang Yi Ting、Bounds Mary、Suzuki Yuichi
  • Journal Title: Language Learning and Development Volume: 15 Issue: 4 Pages: 338-349
  • DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2019.1645667
• [Journal Article] The Desirable Difficulty Framework as a Theoretical Foundation for Optimizing and Researching Second Language Practice (2019)
  • Author(s): SUZUKI YUICHI、NAKATA TATSUYA、DEKEYSER ROBERT
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 713-720
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12585
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mixing Grammar Exercises Facilitates Long‐Term Retention: Effects of Blocking, Interleaving, and Increasing Practice (2019)
  • Author(s): NAKATA TATSUYA、SUZUKI YUICHI
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 629-647
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12581
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Optimizing Second Language Practice in the Classroom: Perspectives from Cognitive Psychology (2019)
  • Author(s): SUZUKI YUICHI、NAKATA TATSUYA、DEKEYSER ROBERT
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 551-561
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12582
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Individualization of practice distribution in second language grammar learning (2019)
  • Author(s): Suzuki Yuichi
  • Journal Title: Journal of Second Language Studies Volume: 2 Issue: 2 Pages: 169-196
  • DOI: 10.1075/jsls.18023.suz
• [Presentation] Probing the Construct Validity of LLAMA_D as a Measure of Implicit Learning Aptitude: Incidental Instructions, Confidence Ratings, and Reaction Time Measure (2021)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: the 2021 Annual Conference of American Association for Applied Linguistics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Principles of Repeated Practice: Insights into and from the Yokohama 5-Round System and the TANABU Model (2020)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: Education University of Nara
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Investigating practice and automatization in a second language: Theory and Methods (2020)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: SLA lecture series at University of Maryland College Park
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Systematic task repetition for fluency development: Insights from cognitive psychology (2020)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: Second Language Learning and Teaching Dept of Linguistics and English Language, Lancaster University
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Principles of Repeated Practice: Insights into and from the Yokohama 5-Round System and the TANABU Model (2020)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: Education University of Nara
  • Invited
• [Presentation] The effects of blocked and interleaved task repetition on fluency development (2019)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: The 2019 International Conference on Task-Based Language Teaching
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] コモンセンスを培うための第二言語習得研究：認知的アプローチから (2019)
  • Author(s): 鈴木祐一
  • Organizer: 第142回LET関東支部研究大会シンポジウム
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Applied linguistics perspectives on successful L2 grammar learning (2019)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: The symposium for ESRC-AHRC UK-Japan SSH Connections Project
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Optimizing second language practice in the classroom: Applying insights from cognitive/educational psychology to second language learning (2019)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: Distinguished Lecturer Series. Temple University Japan
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Optimizing second language practice: Repetition is important but how to repeat is more important! (2019)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: Education University of Hong Kong
  • Invited
• [Presentation] The effects of blocked and interleaved task repetition on fluency development (2019)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki
  • Organizer: The 2019 International Conference on Task-Based Language Teaching
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Language Testing (2021)
  • Author(s): Yuichi Suzuki, Rie Koizumi
  • Total Pages: 542
  • Publisher: Routledge
• [Book] 高校英語授業における文法指導を考える―「文法」を「教える」とは？― (2020)
  • Author(s): 金谷憲・臼倉美里・大田悦子・鈴木祐 一
  • Total Pages: 219
  • Publisher: アルク